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P. W. Hemker and P. M. de Zeeuw. A library of multigrid routines.

by Paul McJones last modified 2010-07-17 15:18

P. W. Hemker and P. M. de Zeeuw. A library of multigrid routines. Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica, Numerieka Wiskunde, 1982.

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 #   *****************************************************************#
 #                                                                    #
 #                                                                    #
 #                   A LIBRARY OF MULTIGRID ROUTINES                  #
 #                                                                    #
 #                                                                    #
 #                                                                    #
 #                                                                    #
 #    THIS ALGOL 68 PRELUDE IS A COLLECTION OF PROGRAM MODULES, WHICH #
 #    FORM A LIBRARY FOR NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS WITH MULTIGRID METHODS.#
 #    THE PRELUDE WAS DEVELOPED FROM 800918 ON AND IS CONTINUOUSLY    #
 #    CHANGING. HOWEVER, AT THIS STAGE (820224), IT HAS TEMPORARILY   #
 #    REACHED A STATIONARY STATE AND IS USED FOR TESTING DIFFERENT    #
 #    MULTIGRID STRATEGIES.                                           #
 #                                                                    #
 #    SINCE THE PRESENT VERSION WORKS ONLY FOR RECTANGULAR REGIONS    #
 #    AND WITHOUT BACK-STORAGE FACILITIES, IT IS STILL SURVEYABLE AND #
 #    WRITTEN IN A RATHER READABLE KIND OF ALGOL 68. THEREFORE IT IS  #
 #    A CONCISE AND PRECISE DESCRIPTION OF MANY ESSENTIAL PARTS OF    #
 #    THE ALGORITHMS.                                                 #
 #    OTHER VERSIONS OF THE ROUTINES, FOR MORE GENERAL DOMAINS AND    #
 #    WITH THE USE OF DISC STORAGE FACILITIES, ARE ALSO AVAILABLE     #
 #    BUT NOT INCLUDED IN THIS LIBRARY.                               #
 #    WE KNOW THAT, AT A NUMBER OF SPOTS, CERTAINLY NOT THE OPTIMAL   #
 #    ALGORITHM HAS BEEN USED AND THE CODE CAN BE IMPROVED.           #
 #    FURTHER WE BELIEVE THAT ANY PIECE OF SOFTWARE OF SOME LENGTH    #
 #    CONTAINS AT LEAST ONE BUG.                                      #
 #    WITH THIS RESERVE WE GIVE HERE THE PRELIMINARY VERSION OF OUR   #
 #    MULTIGRID  LIBRARY.                                             #
 #                                                                    #
 #                                                                    #
 #                                        P.W.HEMKER                  #
 #                                        P.M.DE ZEEUW                #
 #                                                                    #
 #                                                                    #
 #                                                                    #
 #                                                                    #
 #   *****************************************************************#

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 #   *****************************************************************#
 #                                                                    #
 #                                                                    #
 #    CONTENTS:                                                       #
 #                                                                    #
 # MODE DECLARATIONS                                               3  #
 # ZERO  AND COPY  OPERATI0NS                                      4  #
 # ELEMENTARY  NET OPERATI0NS                                      5  #
 # ELEMENTARY GRID OPERATI0NS                                      6  #
 # NORM OPERATORS                                                  7  #
 # PROLONGATIONS                                                   8  #
 # RESTRICTIONS                                                   11  #
 # FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (FEM)                                    14  #
 # FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (S-U P-G FEM)                            17  #
 # GALERKIN OPERATOR CONSTRUCTION                                 23  #
 # SOLVE BY GAUSSIAN ELIMINATION                                  25  #
 # OPERATOR EVALUATION                                            27  #
 # RELAXATION METHODS                                             29  #
 #     POINT RELAXATION PROCEDURES                                30  #
 #     LINE  RELAXATION PROCEDURES                                31  #
 #     DAMPED JACOBI RELAXATION                                   32  #
 #     ILU RELAXATION                                             33  #
 #     ILLU RELAXATION                                            34  #
 #     OTHER POINTWISE RELAXATION                                 38  #
 # GRID STYLE PROCEDURES                                          40  #
 # CENTRAL PROCEDURES GRID STYLE                                  41  #
 # CENTRAL PROCEDURES NEW STYLE                                   43  #
 # NAG CONTRIBUTION : THE MORE EFFICIENT VERSION                  45  #
 # PRELIMINARY NAG MGM ROUTINE                                    50  #
 # BLACK-BOX SOLUTION PROCEDURE                                   52  #
 # ASYMMETRIC TRANSFERS                                           53  #
 # COLLECTION OF PRIMARY TESTPROBLEMS                             56  #
 # OUTPUT PROCEDURES                                              57  #
 # GLOBAL PARAMETERS                                              58  #
 #                                                                    #
 #   *****************************************************************#

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 MGLIB:     # A MODULAR 2-D MULTIGRID ALGOL 68 PROGRAM #
            # FOR EXPERIMENTAL PURPOSES.  PWH/800918   #
            # VSN 830421                  PF: MGTEXT   #
 'BEGIN'
 
 # MODE AND PRIORITY DECLARATIONS #
 
 
    'MODE' 'VEC'    = 'REF'[  ]'REAL';
    'MODE' 'NET'    = 'REF'[, ]'REAL';
    'MODE' 'NETMAT' = 'REF'[,,]'REAL';
 
    'MODE' 'GRID' = 'STRUCT'('INT' LEVEL, 'NET' NET );
    'REAL'  # GLOBAL FOR MODE GRID #
            X0:=0.0, Y0:=0.0, XH0:=1.0, YH0:=1.0;
 
    'MODE' 'PROBLEM' = 'STRUCT'('BOOL'LINEAR,
              'REF'[,]'REAL' OMEGA,
              'PROC'('REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL',
                     'REAL','REAL'       )'VOID' PRINCIPLE PART,
              'PROC'('REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL',
                     'REAL','REAL','REAL')'VOID' LOWER ORDER,
              'PROC'('REF''REAL',
                     'REAL','REAL'       )'VOID' BOUNDARY PP,
              'PROC'('REF''REAL','REF''REAL',
                     'REAL','REAL','REAL')'VOID' BOUNDARY LO);
 
    'PRIO' 'NORM' = 8, 'RESIDUALNORM' = 8;
 

 # ZERO  AND COPY  OPERATI0NS    #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'OP' 'ZERO' = ('VEC' A ) 'VEC':
                  ('FOR' I 'FROM'  'LWB'A 'TO'  'UPB'A
                   'DO' A[I]:= 0.0 'OD'; A             );
 
    'OP' 'ZERO' = ('NET' A ) 'NET':
                  ('FOR' I 'FROM' 1'LWB'A 'TO' 1'UPB'A
                   'DO' 'ZERO' A[I,] 'OD'; A           );
 
    'OP' 'ZERO' = ('NETMAT' A ) 'NETMAT':
                  ('FOR' I 'FROM' 1'LWB'A 'TO' 1'UPB'A
                   'DO' 'ZERO' A[I,,] 'OD'; A          );
 
    'OP' 'ZERO' = ('GRID' A )'GRID': ('ZERO' (NET'OF'A); A);
 
    'OP' 'COPY' = ('VEC' N ) 'VEC':
                  ('HEAP' ['LWB'N:'UPB'N]'REAL' :=N);
    'OP' 'COPY' = ('NET' N ) 'NET':
                  ('HEAP' [1'LWB'N:1'UPB'N,2'LWB'N:2'UPB'N]'REAL' :=N);
    'OP' 'COPY' = ('NETMAT' N ) 'NETMAT':
                  ('HEAP' [1'LWB'N:1'UPB'N,2'LWB'N:2'UPB'N,
                                           3'LWB'N:3'UPB'N]'REAL' :=N);
    'OP' 'COPY' = ('GRID' A )'GRID':
                  ('NET'N= NET'OF'A; (LEVEL'OF'A,
                   'HEAP' [1'LWB'N:1'UPB'N,2'LWB'N:2'UPB'N]'REAL' :=N));
 

 # ELEMENTARY  NET OPERATI0NS    #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'OP' +      = ('NET' AA,BB )'NET':
    #$B NET+    B$#
                  ( 'INT' L1 = 1'LWB'AA, L2 = 2'LWB'AA,
                          U1 = 1'UPB'AA, U2 = 2'UPB'AA;
                    'HEAP'[L1:U1,L2:U2]'REAL' CC;
                    'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1 'DO'
                    'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2 'DO'
                             CC[I,J]:= AA[I,J] + BB[I,J] 'OD''OD';
                    CC )
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP' -      = ('NET' AA,BB )'NET':
    #$B NET-    B$#
                  ( 'INT' L1 = 1'LWB'AA, L2 = 2'LWB'AA,
                          U1 = 1'UPB'AA, U2 = 2'UPB'AA;
                    'HEAP'[L1:U1,L2:U2]'REAL' CC;
                    'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1 'DO'
                    'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2 'DO'
                             CC[I,J]:= AA[I,J] - BB[I,J] 'OD''OD';
                    CC )
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP' +:=    = ('NET' AA,BB )'NET':
    #$B NET=    B$#
                  ( 'INT' L1 = 1'LWB'AA, L2 = 2'LWB'AA,
                          U1 = 1'UPB'AA, U2 = 2'UPB'AA;
                    'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1 'DO'
                    'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2 'DO'
                             AA[I,J]+:=  BB[I,J] 'OD''OD';
                     AA )
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP' *      = ('REAL' S,'NET' N ) 'NET':
    #$B NET*    B$#
                  ( 'INT' L1 = 1'LWB' N, L2 = 2'LWB'N,
                          U1 = 1'UPB' N, U2 = 2'UPB'N;
                    'HEAP'[L1:U1,L2:U2]'REAL' NN;
                    'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1 'DO'
                    'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2 'DO'
                          NN[I,J]:= S * N[I,J] 'OD' 'OD';
                    NN )
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP' /      = ('NET' G,'REAL' S) 'NET':
    #$B NET/    B$#
                  ( 'REAL' T = 1.0/S; T * G )
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # ELEMENTARY GRID OPERATI0NS    #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'OP' +      = ('GRID' A,B )'GRID':
    #$B GRID+   B$#
                  ( (LEVEL'OF'A /= LEVEL'OF'B ! ERROR );
                    (LEVEL'OF'A, NET'OF'A + NET'OF'B ) )
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP' -      = ('GRID' A,B )'GRID':
    #$B GRID-   B$#
                  ( (LEVEL'OF'A /= LEVEL'OF'B ! ERROR );
                    (LEVEL'OF'A, NET'OF'A - NET'OF'B ) )
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP' -      = ('GRID' A,'PROC'('REAL','REAL')'REAL'SOL )'GRID':
    #$B GRID--  B$#
                  ( 'INT' L:= LEVEL'OF'A; L:= 2**L;
                    'NET' AA= NET'OF'A;
                    'INT' L1 = 1'LWB'AA, L2 = 2'LWB'AA,
                          U1 = 1'UPB'AA, U2 = 2'UPB'AA;
                    'REAL' H1 = XH0/L, H2 = YH0/L;
                    'HEAP'[L1:U1,L2:U2]'REAL' CC;
                    'REAL' X:= X0+L1*H1, Y;
                    'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1 'DO' Y:= Y0+L2*H2;
                    'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2 'DO'
                         CC[I,J]:= AA[I,J] - SOL(X,Y); Y+:= H1 'OD';
                                                       X+:= H2 'OD';
                    (LEVEL'OF'A, CC ) )
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP' +:=    = ('REF''GRID' A,'GRID' B )'REF' 'GRID':
    #$B GRID=   B$#
                  ( (LEVEL'OF'A /= LEVEL'OF'B ! ERROR );
                    NET'OF'A +:= NET'OF'B; A)
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP' *      = ('REAL' S,'GRID' G ) 'GRID':
    #$B GRID*   B$#
                    (LEVEL'OF'G, S*NET'OF'G)
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP' /      = ('GRID' G,'REAL' S) 'GRID':
    #$B GRID/   B$#
                  ( 'REAL' T = 1.0/S; T * G )
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # NORM OPERATORS                #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'OP' 'NORM' = ('BOOL' TRUE, 'NET' N) []'REAL':
    #$B NRMNT   B$#
                  ('REAL' TEST = ( TRUE ! MAXREAL ! 1.0E+15);
                   'REAL'S:= 0,S1:=0,S2:=0,T;
                   'INT' L1:=  1'LWB'N, B1:= 1'UPB'N,
                         L2:=  2'LWB'N, B2:= 2'UPB'N,NN;
                         NN:= (B1-L1+1)*(B2-L2+1);
                   'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' B1 'DO'
                   'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' B2 'DO'
                   ( T:= 'ABS'N[I,J]; T < TEST
                   ! S1+:=T; S2+:=T*T; (T>S ! S:=T )
                   ! NN-:= 1 )
                   'OD' 'OD'; (S1/NN,SQRT(S2/NN),S)  )
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'OP' 'NORM' = ('NET' N) []'REAL':
    #$B NRM     B$#
                  'TRUE''NORM'N
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'PROC' RESIDUALNORM = ('NETMAT' M,'NET' U,F)[]'REAL':
        # U = ITERAND, F = RIGHT HAND SIDE #
    #$B NRMR    B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1= 1'LWB'U, L2= 2'LWB'U, L3=-3,
                  U1= 1'UPB'U, U2= 2'UPB'U;
            'INT'    NN:= (U1-L1+1)*(U2-L2+1);
            'REAL' TEST = 1.0E+15;
            'REAL' V, S1:= 0, S2:= 0, S3:=0, T;
 
       'REF'[ ]'REAL' UIM:= U[L1,@L2], UI, UIP:= U[L1,@L2];
       'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1
       'DO' ( UI:= UIP; I = U1 ! 'SKIP' ! UIP:= U[I+1,@L2] );
            'REF' []'REAL' FI = F[I,@L2];
            'REF'[,]'REAL' MI = M[I,@L2,@L3];
 
            'INT' JM:= L2, JJ, JP:= L2;
            'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2
            'DO' ( JJ:= JP; J=U2 ! 'SKIP' ! JP+:= 1 );
                 'REF'[]'REAL' MIJ = MI[JJ,@L3];
                 ( MIJ[0] > TEST ! NN-:= 1 !
                            T :=    MIJ[-3]*UIM[JJ] + MIJ[-2]*UIM[JP] +
                 MIJ[-1]*UI [JM]  + MIJ[ 0]*UI [JJ] + MIJ[ 1]*UI [JP] +
                 MIJ[ 2]*UIP[JM]  + MIJ[ 3]*UIP[JJ] ;
                 T := 'ABS' ( FI[JJ] - T );
                 S1+:= T; S2+:= T*T; ( T>S3 ! S3:= T ));
 
                 JM:= JJ
            'OD';
            UIM:= UI
       'OD'; (S1/NN,SQRT(S2/NN),S3)
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # PROLONGATIONS                 #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' LIN INT POL = ('NET' NET )'NET':
    #$B PROL7   B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1 = 1'LWB'NET,  L2 = 2'LWB'NET,
                  B1 = 1'UPB'NET,  B2 = 2'UPB'NET;
            'HEAP'[2*L1:2*B1,2*L2:2*B2]'REAL' FINE;
            'INT' JJ; 'REAL' U2,U3,U4;
                 'REF'[]'REAL' UIP= NET[L1,@L2],
                               UPP= FINE[2*L1,@2*L2];
                  JJ:= 2*L2; UPP[JJ]:= U4:= UIP[L2];
                  'FOR' JP 'FROM' L2+1 'TO' B2
                  'DO' U3:= U4; U4:= UIP[JP];
                       UPP[JJ+:=1]:= (U3+U4)/2;
                       UPP[JJ+:=1]:=     U4
                  'OD';
            'FOR' IP 'FROM' L1+1 'TO' B1
            'DO' 'REF'[]'REAL' UI  = NET [IP-1  ,@  L2],
                               UIP = NET [IP    ,@  L2],
                               UMM = FINE[2*IP-1,@2*L2],
                               UPP = FINE[2*IP  ,@2*L2];
                 JJ:= 2*L2; U2:= UI[L2]; U4:= UIP[L2];
                 UMM[JJ]:= (U2+U4)/2;  UPP[JJ]:= U4;
                 'FOR' JP 'FROM' L2+1 'TO' B2
                 'DO' JJ+:= 1;  U2:= UI [JP];
                      U3:= U4;  U4:= UIP[JP];
                      UMM[JJ] := (U2+U3)/2;
                      UPP[JJ] := (U3+U4)/2;
                      JJ+:= 1;
                      UMM[JJ] := (U2+U4)/2;
                      UPP[JJ] :=     U4
                 'OD'
            'OD'; FINE
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'PROC' BIL INT POL = ('NET' NET) 'NET':
    #$B PROL9   B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1 = 1'LWB'NET,  L2 = 2'LWB'NET,
                  B1 = 1'UPB'NET,  B2 = 2'UPB'NET;
            'HEAP'[2*L1:2*B1,2*L2:2*B2]'REAL' FINE;
            'INT' JJ; 'REAL' U1,U2,U3,U4;
                 'REF'[]'REAL' UIP= NET[L1,@L2],
                               UPP= FINE[2*L1,@2*L2];
                  JJ:= 2*L2; UPP[JJ]:= U4:= UIP[L2];
                  'FOR' JP 'FROM' L2+1 'TO' B2
                  'DO' U3:= U4; U4:= UIP[JP];
                       UPP[JJ+:=1]:= (U3+U4)/2;
                       UPP[JJ+:=1]:=     U4
                  'OD';
            'FOR' IP 'FROM' L1+1 'TO' B1
            'DO' 'REF'[]'REAL' UI  = NET [IP-1  ,@  L2],
                               UIP = NET [IP    ,@  L2],
                               UMM = FINE[2*IP-1,@2*L2],
                               UPP = FINE[2*IP  ,@2*L2];
                 JJ:= 2*L2; U2:= UI[L2]; U4:= UIP[L2];
                 UMM[JJ]:= (U2+U4)/2;  UPP[JJ]:= U4;
                 'FOR' JP 'FROM' L2+1 'TO' B2
                 'DO' JJ+:= 1;
                      U1:= U2;  U2:= UI [JP];
                      U3:= U4;  U4:= UIP[JP];
                      UMM[JJ] := (U1+U2+U3+U4)/4;
                      UPP[JJ] := (U3+U4)/2;
                      JJ+:= 1;
                      UMM[JJ] := (U2+U4)/2;
                      UPP[JJ] :=     U4
                 'OD'
            'OD'; FINE
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
 
 
 
 #  ORIENTATION:
                  L2                     B2
                 -------------------------->  Y
 
         ! L1               JM    JJ    JP
         !
         !          UIM      O --  O --  O
         !                   !  /  !  /  !
         !          UII      O -- U1 -- U2
         !                   !  /  !  /  !
     X   !          UIP      O -- U3 -- U4
         V B1
 
 
 
 
         ----------------------> Y
   !     L2                  B2
   ! L1                                            STAR ORIENTATION:
   !          U1 ------  U2                        -----------------> Y
   !           !     /    !                      !                    J
   !           !   /      !                      !          -3   -2
   !          U3 ------  U4                      !     -1    0    1
   ! B1                                          !      2    3
   V                                        X    ! I
                                                 V
 #

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
    'PROC' SQR INT POL = ('NET' NET )'NET':
    #$B PROLS   B$#
    'IF'   'INT' L1 = 1'LWB'NET,  L2 = 2'LWB'NET,
                 B1 = 1'UPB'NET,  B2 = 2'UPB'NET;
           'ODD'(B1-L1) 'OR' 'ODD'(B2-L2)
    'THEN' LIN INT POL (NET)
    'ELSE' 'INT' LL1 = 2*L1, LL2 = 2*L2;
           'HEAP'[LL1:2*B1,LL2:2*B2]'REAL' FINE;
 
       'INT' JJ, JP;
       'REAL' X1, X2, X3, Y1, Y2, Y3, Z1, Z2, Z3, YY2, YY3, ZZ2, ZZ3;
       'REF'[]'REAL' UI= NET[ L1,@L2], FI= FINE[LL1,];
        FI[LL2]:= X1:= UI[L2]; JJ:= LL2+1;
       'FOR' J 'FROM' L2+1 'BY' 2 'TO' B2-1
       'DO'  X2:= UI[J]; X3:= UI[J+1];
             FI[JJ:JJ+3] :=(  (  3*(X1 + 2*X2) -  X3 )/8, X2,
                              (  -X1 + 3*(2*X2 + X3 ))/8, X3  );
             JJ +:= 4; X1:= X3
       'OD';
       'FOR' II 'FROM' L1+1 'BY' 2 'TO' B1-1
       'DO' 'REF'[ ]'REAL' UIM= NET[II-1,@L2], UII= NET[II  ,@L2],
                           UIP= NET[II+1,@L2];
            'REF'[,]'REAL' FINEI = FINE[2*II-1:2*II+2,@LL2];
 
             X3:=         UIM[L2]  /8;
             Y3:= ( YY3:= UII[L2] )/4;
             Z3:= ( ZZ3:= UIP[L2] )/8;
             FINEI[,LL2]:= ( 3*(X3+Y3) - Z3, YY3, 3*(Y3+Z3) - X3, ZZ3 );
 
            'FOR' JJ 'FROM' L2+1 'BY' 2 'TO' B2-1
            'DO'  JP:= JJ+1;       X1:= X3; Y1:= Y3; Z1:= Z3;
                  X2:=         UIM[JJ]  /4; X3:=         UIM[JP]  /8;
                  Y2:= ( YY2:= UII[JJ] )/4; Y3:= ( YY3:= UII[JP] )/4;
                  Z2:= ( ZZ2:= UIP[JJ] )/4; Z3:= ( ZZ3:= UIP[JP] )/8;
 
                  FINEI[,2*JJ-1:2*JJ+2]:=
                  ((2*(X2+Y1)-Z1+Y2-X3,
                              2*(X2+Y2)-X1+Y1-Z1,
                                         3*(X3+Y2)-Z1,
                                                    3*(X3+Y3)-Z3   ),
                   (2*(Y1+Y2)-X1+X2-X3,   YY2,
                                         2*(Y2+Y3)-Z1+Z2-Z3,   YY3 ),
                   (3*(Z1+Y2)-X3,
                              2*(Y2+Z2)-X3+Y3-Z3,
                                         2*(Z2+Y3)-X3+Y2-Z1,
                                                    3*(Z3+Y3)-X3   ),
                   (3*(Z1+Z2)-Z3,  ZZ2,  3*(Z3+Z2)-Z1,         ZZ3 ))
       'OD'  'OD';
       FINE
    'FI'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # RESTRICTIONS                  #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' INJECTION = ('NET' NET)'NET':
    #$B RESTR0  B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' NL1 = (1'LWB'NET)'OVER'2,  NL2 = (2'LWB'NET)'OVER'2,
                  NU1 = (1'UPB'NET)'OVER'2,  NU2 = (2'UPB'NET)'OVER'2;
            'HEAP'[NL1:NU1,NL2:NU2]'REAL' COARSE;
            'FOR' I 'FROM' NL1 'TO' NU1 'DO'
            'FOR' J 'FROM' NL2 'TO' NU2 'DO'
                  COARSE[I,J]:= NET[2*I,2*J] 'OD' 'OD';
            COARSE
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'PROC' INJ WEIGHT = ('NET' NET)'NET':
    #$B RESTR1  B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' NL1 = (1'LWB'NET)'OVER'2,  NL2 = (2'LWB'NET)'OVER'2,
                  NU1 = (1'UPB'NET)'OVER'2,  NU2 = (2'UPB'NET)'OVER'2;
            'HEAP'[NL1:NU1,NL2:NU2]'REAL' COARSE;
 
             COARSE[NL1,NL2]:= 2.0*NET[2*NL1,2*NL2];
             COARSE[NU1,NL2]:= 2.5*NET[2*NU1,2*NL2];
             COARSE[NL1,NU2]:= 2.5*NET[2*NL1,2*NU2];
             COARSE[NU1,NU2]:= 2.0*NET[2*NU1,2*NU2];
            'FOR' J 'FROM' NL2+1 'TO' NU2-1
            'DO'  COARSE[NL1,J]:= 3.0*NET[2*NL1,2*J];
                  COARSE[NU1,J]:= 3.0*NET[2*NU1,2*J]
            'OD';
 
            'FOR' I 'FROM' NL1+1 'TO' NU1-1
            'DO'  COARSE[I,NL2]:= 3*NET[2*I,2*NL2];
                  COARSE[I,NU2]:= 3*NET[2*I,2*NU2];
                  'FOR' J 'FROM' NL2+1 'TO' NU2-1
                  'DO' COARSE[I,J]  := 4*NET[2*I,2*J] 'OD'
            'OD'; COARSE
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
    'PROC' HALF WEIGHT = ('NET' NET)'NET':
    #$B RESTR5  B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1 = (1'LWB'NET), L2 = (2'LWB'NET),
                  U1 = (1'UPB'NET), U2 = (2'UPB'NET);
            'INT' NL1 = L1'OVER'2,  NL2 = L2'OVER'2,
                  NU1 = U1'OVER'2,  NU2 = U2'OVER'2;
            'HEAP'[NL1:NU1,NL2:NU2]'REAL' COARSE;
            'INT' II,IM,IP, JJ,JM,JP;
            [L2:U2]'REAL' ZERO; 'ZERO' ZERO;
            'FOR' I 'FROM' NL1 'TO' NU1
            'DO'   II:=  2*I; IP:= II+1; IM:= II-1;
                  'REF'[]'REAL' CI = COARSE[I,@NL2],
                                UIM= ( IM<L1 ! ZERO ! NET[IM,@L2]),
                                UII=                  NET[II,@L2] ,
                                UIP= ( IP>U1 ! ZERO ! NET[IP,@L2]);
                  JP:= L2+1;
                  CI[NL2]:=      0.5 *(           UIM[L2]+UIM[JP]
                                               +2*UII[L2]+UII[JP]
                                                 +UIP[L2]);
                  'FOR' J 'FROM' NL2+1 'TO' NU2-1
                  'DO'  JJ:= 2*J; JP:= JJ+1; JM:= JJ-1;
                        CI[J]:=  0.5 *(           UIM[JJ]
                                       +UII[JM]+4*UII[JJ]+UII[JP]
                                                 +UIP[JJ]        )
                  'OD';
                  JM:=U2-1;
                  CI[NU2]:=      0.5 *(           UIM[U2]
                                       +UII[JM]+2*UII[U2]
                                       +UIP[JM]+  UIP[U2])
            'OD'  ;
            COARSE
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'PROC' LIN  WEIGHT = ('NET' NET)'NET':
    #$B RESTR7  B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1 = (1'LWB'NET), L2 = (2'LWB'NET),
                  U1 = (1'UPB'NET), U2 = (2'UPB'NET);
            'INT' NL1 = L1'OVER'2,  NL2 = L2'OVER'2,
                  NU1 = U1'OVER'2,  NU2 = U2'OVER'2;
            'HEAP'[NL1:NU1,NL2:NU2]'REAL' COARSE;
            'INT' II,IM,IP, JJ,JM,JP;
            [L2:U2]'REAL' ZERO; 'ZERO' ZERO;
            'FOR' I 'FROM' NL1 'TO' NU1
            'DO'   II:=  2*I; IP:= II+1; IM:= II-1;
                  'REF'[]'REAL' CI = COARSE[I,@NL2],
                                UIM= ( IM<L1 ! ZERO ! NET[IM,@L2]),
                                UII=                  NET[II,@L2] ,
                                UIP= ( IP>U1 ! ZERO ! NET[IP,@L2]);
                  JP:= L2+1;
                  CI[NL2]:=      0.5 *(           UIM[L2]+UIM[JP]
                                               +2*UII[L2]+UII[JP]
                                                 +UIP[L2]);
                  'FOR' J 'FROM' NL2+1 'TO' NU2-1
                  'DO'  JJ:= 2*J; JP:= JJ+1; JM:= JJ-1;
                        CI[J]:=  0.5 *(           UIM[JJ]+UIM[JP]
                                       +UII[JM]+2*UII[JJ]+UII[JP]
                                       +UIP[JM]+  UIP[JJ]        )
                  'OD';
                  JM:=U2-1;
                  CI[NU2]:=      0.5 *(           UIM[U2]
                                       +UII[JM]+2*UII[U2]
                                       +UIP[JM]+  UIP[U2])
            'OD'; COARSE
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'PROC' FULL WEIGHT = ('NET' NET)'NET':
    #$B RESTR9  B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1 = (1'LWB'NET), L2 = (2'LWB'NET),
                  U1 = (1'UPB'NET), U2 = (2'UPB'NET);
            'INT' NL1 = L1'OVER'2,  NL2 = L2'OVER'2,
                  NU1 = U1'OVER'2,  NU2 = U2'OVER'2;
            'HEAP'[NL1:NU1,NL2:NU2]'REAL' COARSE;
            'INT' II,IM,IP, JJ,JM,JP;
            [L2:U2]'REAL' ZERO; 'ZERO' ZERO;
            'FOR' I 'FROM' NL1 'TO' NU1
            'DO'   II:= 2*I; IP:= II+1; IM:= II-1;
                  'REF'[]'REAL' CI = COARSE[I,@NL2],
                                UIM= ( IM<L1 ! ZERO ! NET[IM,@L2]),
                                UII=                  NET[II,@L2] ,
                                UIP= ( IP>U1 ! ZERO ! NET[IP,@L2]);
                  JP:= L2+1;
                  CI[NL2]:=      0.5 *(           UIM[L2]+UIM[JP]
                                               +2*UII[L2]+UII[JP]
                                                 +UIP[L2]);
                  'FOR' J 'FROM' NL2+1 'TO' NU2-1
                  'DO'  JJ:= 2*J; JP:= JJ+1; JM:= JJ-1;
                        CI[J]:=  0.25*(   UIM[JM]+2*UIM[JJ]+  UIM[JP]
                                       +2*UII[JM]+4*UII[JJ]+2*UII[JP]
                                       +  UIP[JM]+2*UIP[JJ]+  UIP[JP])
                  'OD';
                  JM:= U2-1;
                  CI[NU2]:=      0.5 *(           UIM[U2]
                                       +UII[JM]+2*UII[U2]
                                       +UIP[JM]+  UIP[U2])
            'OD'  ;
            COARSE
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
 

 # FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (FEM)                    #     'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 # FEM DISCRETIZATION FOR MG  /PWH800925 / VSN.810311 #
 
  'PROC' FEM = ('PROBLEM' PROBLEM, 'GRID' U,
                'REF''NET' RHS, 'REF''NETMAT' JAC )'VOID':
    #$B FEM     B$#
  'BEGIN' 'REF'[,]'REAL' NET = NET'OF' U;
          'INT'  L1 = 1'LWB' NET,  L2 = 2'LWB'NET,
                 B1 = 1'UPB' NET,  B2 = 2'UPB'NET;
          'HEAP' [L1:B1,L2:B2,-3:3 ]'REAL' STIFF; 'ZERO' STIFF;
          'HEAP' [L1:B1,L2:B2]'REAL' FORCE;       'ZERO' FORCE;
          'REAL' H = XH0/(2**(LEVEL'OF'U)),
                 K = YH0/(2**(LEVEL'OF'U));
 
 
     'PROC'('REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL',
            'REAL','REAL'       )'VOID' PRINCIPLE PART
                                      = PRINCIPLE PART 'OF' PROBLEM;
     'PROC'('REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL',
            'REAL','REAL','REAL')'VOID' LOWER ORDER
                                      = LOWER ORDER    'OF' PROBLEM;
 
     []'INT'  ORDER = (0,1,3,-1,0,2,-3,-2,0,
                       0,2,3,-2,0,1,-3,-1,0);
 
     'REAL' H3 = H/3, K3 = K/3;
     []'REAL' PXT1 = (-1/H,  0 ,+1/H, 0),   PXT2 = ( 0,-1/H,  0 ,+1/H),
              PYT1 = (-1/K,+1/K,  0 , 0),   PYT2 = ( 0,  0 ,-1/K,+1/K);
     'INT'  LB,UB;
     'REAL' XN,XS,YW,YE, AXX,AXY,AYX,AYY,
            BBX,BBY, KK,PE,FF, WEIGHT:= H*K/6;
     [1:4]'REAL' PX,PY,BX,BY,C,F;
 
     [L2:B2]'REAL' BXI,BXIP,BYI,BYIP,CI,CIP,FI,FIP;
     XS:= X0+L1*H; 'REF' []'REAL' UIP= NET[L1,@L2];
     'FOR'J 'FROM'L2 'TO' B2
     'DO' LOWER ORDER
          (BXIP[J],BYIP[J],CIP[J],FIP[J],XS,Y0+J*K,UIP[J])
     'OD';
 
     'FOR' IP 'FROM' L1+1 'TO' B1
     'DO' 'REF' []'REAL' UI = NET[IP-1,@L2],
                         UIP= NET[IP  ,@L2];
          XN:= XS; XS := X0 + IP*H;
          BXI:= BXIP; BYI:= BYIP; CI:=CIP; FI:= FIP;
 
          'INT'  JJ:= L2;
          'REAL' U1,U2:= UI [L2],
                 U3,U4:= UIP[L2];
          YE:= Y0+L2*K;
          LOWER ORDER (BXIP[L2],BYIP[L2],CIP[L2],FIP[L2],XS,YE,U4);
 
          'FOR' JP 'FROM' L2+1 'TO' B2
          'DO' YW:= YE; YE := Y0 + JP*K;
               U1:= U2; U2 := UI [JP];
               U3:= U4; U4 := UIP[JP];
               LOWER ORDER (BXIP[JP],BYIP[JP],CIP[JP],FIP[JP],XS,YE,U4);
 
               BX:= (BXI[JJ],BXI[JP],BXIP[JJ],BXIP[JP]);
               BY:= (BYI[JJ],BYI[JP],BYIP[JJ],BYIP[JP]);
               C := (CI [JJ],CI [JP],CIP [JJ],CIP [JP]);
               F := (FI [JJ],FI [JP],FIP [JJ],FIP [JP]);
 
               'INT' LL:= 0;
               'FOR' TRIANGLE 'TO' 2
               'DO' 'CASE' TRIANGLE
                    'IN' (LB:= 1; UB:= 3; PX:= PXT1; PY:= PYT1;
                          PRINCIPLE PART(AXX,AXY,AYX,AYY,XN+H3,YW+K3);
                          BBX:= (BX[1]+BX[2]+BX[3])/3;
                          BBY:= (BY[1]+BY[2]+BY[3])/3                 ),
                         (LB:= 2; UB:= 4; PX:= PXT2; PY:= PYT2;
                          PRINCIPLE PART(AXX,AXY,AYX,AYY,XS-H3,YE-K3);
                          BBX:= (BX[2]+BX[3]+BX[4])/3;
                          BBY:= (BY[2]+BY[3]+BY[4])/3                 )
                    'ESAC';
                    KK:= HB(AXX,AXY,AYX,AYY,BBX,BBY,H,K);
                    AXX*:=3; AXY*:=3; AYX*:=3; AYY*:=3;
 
                    'INT' EI:= 0;
                    'FOR' II 'FROM' IP-1 'TO' IP 'DO'
                    'FOR' JJ 'FROM' JP-1 'TO' JP 'DO'
                    'IF'   EI+:= 1; EI = (TRIANGLE!4,1)
                    'THEN' 'SKIP'
                    'ELSE' FF:= Q2 * F[EI];
                           'FOR' EJ 'FROM' LB 'TO' UB
                           'DO' LL+:= 1;
                                PE := KK*(BX[EJ]*PX[EI]+BY[EJ]*PY[EI]);
                                FF+:= (Q0+PE)*F[EJ];
                             STIFF[II,JJ,ORDER[LL]] +:=
                             (PX[EJ] *(AXX*PX[EI]+AXY*PY[EI] + BX[EI])+
                              PY[EJ] *(AYX*PX[EI]+AYY*PY[EI] + BY[EI])+
                             C[EJ]*( (EI=EJ!Q1!Q0) + PE ) )*WEIGHT
                           'OD';
                           FORCE[II,JJ] +:= FF*WEIGHT
                    'FI'
                    'OD' 'OD'
               'OD';
 
               JJ:= JP
     'OD' 'OD';
 
     BOUNDARY CONDITIONS ( PROBLEM,U,FORCE,STIFF );
 
     RHS:= FORCE; JAC:= STIFF
  'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # DIFFERENT OPTIONS FOR DISCRETIZATION           #     'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 # BROOKS AND HUGHES ANISOTROPIC DIFFUSION        #
 
 #
 
 'REAL' Q0:= 0, Q1:= 1, Q2:= 1;
 'PROC' LUMP = ('BOOL' B)'VOID':
     ( B ! Q0:=0; Q1:=1; Q2:=1 ! Q0:=0.25; Q1:=0.50; Q2:=0.25 );
 
 'REAL' HB FACTOR:= 1/3;
 'PROC' HB:= ('REF''REAL' AXX,AXY,AYX,AYY,'REAL' BX,BY,H,K)'REAL':0.0;
 #
 
 'PROC' KAPPA = ('REF''REAL' AXX,AXY,AYX,AYY, 'REAL' BX,BY,H,K)'REAL':
    #$B HBW     B$#
 'BEGIN' # ## ADDS ARTIFICIAL DIFFUSION AND COMPUTES K # ##
         'REAL' BEB  = (BX*AXX+BY*AYX)*BX +   1.0E-100 +
                       (BX*AXY+BY*AYY)*BY ,
                BB   = BX*BX + BY*BY      ,
                BH   = SQRT(BX*BX*H*H + BY*BY*K*K);
         'REAL' KK   = ( BB=0 ! 0.0 ! BH*HBFACTOR*M(BH*BB/BEB)/BB );
         AXX+:= KK*BX*BX; AXY+:= KK*BX*BY;
         AYX+:= KK*BX*BY; AYY+:= KK*BY*BY; KK
 'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
 'PROC' M = ('REAL' A)'REAL':
    #$B ILINM   B$#
 'IF' 'REAL' X, W:= 'ABS'A; W< 0.2
 'THEN' W*:= W; (((( W - 9.9 ) * W + 99.0 ) * W
        - 1039.5 ) * W + 15592.5) * A /46777.5
 'ELSE' X:= ( W-1.0)/W;
        ( W< 18.0 ! X +:= 2.0/(EXP(W+W) - 1.0));
        ( A > 0.0 ! X ! -X )
  'FI'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
 #
         ---------------------->
   !      J                   Y
   ! I                                             STAR ORIENTATION:
   !           1 -- N --  2                        -----------------> Y
   !           !      /   !                      !                    J
   !           W    /     E                      !
   !           !  /       !                      !          -3   -2
   !           3 -- S --  4                      !     -1    0    1
   ! X                                           !      2    3
   V                                        X    ! I
                                                 V
 #
 

 # FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (S-U P-G FEM)            #     'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 # FEM DISCRETIZATION FOR MG  /PWH800925 / VSN.810311 #
 # PIECEWISE CONSTANT COEFFICIENTS         VSN.830107 #
 # INCL. STREAMLINE-UPWIND PETROV-GALERKIN            #
 
  'PROC' FEMD = ('PROBLEM' PROBLEM, 'GRID' U,
                'REF''NET' RHS, 'REF''NETMAT' JAC )'VOID':
    #$B FEMW    B$#
  'BEGIN' 'REF'[,]'REAL' NET = NET'OF' U;
          'INT'  L1 = 1'LWB' NET,  L2 = 2'LWB'NET,
                 B1 = 1'UPB' NET,  B2 = 2'UPB'NET;
          'HEAP' [L1:B1,L2:B2,-3:3 ]'REAL' STIFF; 'ZERO' STIFF;
          'HEAP' [L1:B1,L2:B2]'REAL' FORCE;       'ZERO' FORCE;
          'REAL' H = XH0/(2**(LEVEL'OF'U)),
                 K = YH0/(2**(LEVEL'OF'U));
 
 
     'PROC'('REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL',
            'REAL','REAL'       )'VOID' PRINCIPLE PART
                                      = PRINCIPLE PART 'OF' PROBLEM;
     'PROC'('REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL',
            'REAL','REAL','REAL')'VOID' LOWER ORDER
                                      = LOWER ORDER    'OF' PROBLEM;
     'BOOL' LIN = LINEAR'OF'PROBLEM;
 
     []'INT'  ORDER = (0,1,3,-1,0,2,-3,-2,0,
                       0,2,3,-2,0,1,-3,-1,0);
 
     'REAL' H3 = H/3, K3 = K/3;
     []'REAL' PXT1 = (-1/H,  0 ,+1/H, 0),   PXT2 = ( 0,-1/H,  0 ,+1/H),
              PYT1 = (-1/K,+1/K,  0 , 0),   PYT2 = ( 0,  0 ,-1/K,+1/K);
     'INT'  LB,UB;
     'REAL' XN,YW,    AXX,AXY,AYX,AYY, WEIGHT:= H*K/6;
     'REAL' XX,YY,UU, BX ,BY ,C  ,F  , KK,PE;
     [1:4]'REAL' PX,PY;
 
     'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' B1-1
     'DO' XN:= X0 + I*H;
          'REF' []'REAL' UI = NET[I  ,@L2],
                         UIP= NET[I+1,@L2];
          'REAL' U1,U2:= UI [L2],
                 U3,U4:= UIP[L2];
 
          'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' B2-1
          'DO' YW:= Y0 + J*K;
               U1:= U2; U2 := UI [J+1];
               U3:= U4; U4 := UIP[J+1];
 
               'INT' LL:= 0;
               'FOR' TRIANGLE 'TO' 2
               'DO' 'CASE' TRIANGLE
                    'IN' (LB:= 1; UB:= 3;
                          PX:= PXT1;  PY:= PYT1;
                          XX:= XN+H3; YY:= YW+K3;
                          (LIN!'SKIP'!UU:= (U1+U2+U3)/3) ),
                         (LB:= 2; UB:= 4;
                          PX:= PXT2;  PY:= PYT2;
                          XX:= XX+H3; YY:= YY+K3;
                          (LIN!'SKIP'!UU:= (U2+U3+U4)/3) )
                    'ESAC';
                    PRINCIPLE PART(AXX,AXY,AYX,AYY,XX,YY);
                    LOWER ORDER (BX,BY,C,F,XX,YY,UU);
                    KK:= HB(AXX,AXY,AYX,AYY,BX,BY,H,K);
                    AXX*:=3; AXY*:=3; AYX*:=3; AYY*:=3;
 
                    'INT' EI:= 0;
                    'FOR' II 'FROM' I 'TO' I+1 'DO'
                    'FOR' JJ 'FROM' J 'TO' J+1 'DO'
                    'IF'   EI+:= 1; EI = (TRIANGLE!4,1)
                    'THEN' 'SKIP'
                    'ELSE' PE := KK*(BX*PX[EI]+BY*PY[EI]);
                           'FOR' EJ 'FROM' LB 'TO' UB
                           'DO' LL+:= 1;
                             STIFF[II,JJ,ORDER[LL]] +:=
                             (PX[EJ] *(AXX*PX[EI]+AXY*PY[EI] + BX)+
                              PY[EJ] *(AYX*PX[EI]+AYY*PY[EI] + BY)+
                              C*( (EI=EJ!0.5!0.25) + PE ) )*WEIGHT
                           'OD';
                           FORCE[II,JJ] +:= (1.0+3.0*PE) *F*WEIGHT
                    'FI'
                    'OD' 'OD'
     'OD' 'OD' 'OD';
 
     BOUNDARY CONDITIONS ( PROBLEM,U,FORCE,STIFF );
 
     RHS:= FORCE; JAC:= STIFF
  'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 

 # BOUNDARY CONDITION OPTIONS                     #     'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
  'PROC' BC PW LIN = ('PROBLEM' PROBLEM, 'GRID' U,
                      'NET' FORCE, 'NETMAT' STIFF )'VOID':
    #$B BCPL    B$#
  'BEGIN' 'REF'[,]'REAL' NET = NET'OF' U;
          'INT'  L1 = 1'LWB' NET,  L2 = 2'LWB'NET,
                 B1 = 1'UPB' NET,  B2 = 2'UPB'NET;
          'REAL' H = XH0/(2**(LEVEL'OF'U)),       SHIFT = 0.001,
                 K = YH0/(2**(LEVEL'OF'U));
 
     'REF'[,]'REAL' OMEGA        = OMEGA 'OF' PROBLEM ;
     'PROC'('REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL','REF''REAL',
            'REAL','REAL'       )'VOID' PRINCIPLE PART
                                      = PRINCIPLE PART 'OF' PROBLEM;
     'PROC'('REF''REAL',
            'REAL','REAL'       )'VOID' BOUNDARY PP
                                      = BOUNDARY PP    'OF' PROBLEM;
     'PROC'('REF''REAL','REF''REAL',
            'REAL','REAL','REAL')'VOID' BOUNDARY LO
                                      = BOUNDARY LO    'OF' PROBLEM;
 
     'PROC' BOUNDARY SEGMENT = ('REF' 'INT' I,J, 'INT' DIRECTION,
                                'REF' 'REAL' X,Y,BZ,CZ)'VOID':
     'BEGIN' 'INT' IN,JN;
             'REAL' XN,YN,AZN,BZN,CZN,HSTEP,XHALF,YHALF,P,Q,
                    A11,A12,A21,A22,PPP,PLO;
             'INT' AD = 'ABS' DIRECTION,  ND= 'SIGN' DIRECTION;
 
             ( AD = 1 ! IN := I     ; XN:= X
                      ! IN := I + ND; XN:= X0 + IN*H; HSTEP:= H/2 );
             ( AD = 3 ! JN := J     ; YN:= Y
                      ! JN := J + ( AD ! ND, -ND ! ERROR;0 );
                                      YN:= Y0 + JN*K; HSTEP:= K/2 );
             ( AD = 2 ! HSTEP:= 0.5*SQRT(H*H+K*K) );
             XHALF:= (X+XN)*0.5 - (YN-Y)*SHIFT;
             YHALF:= (Y+YN)*0.5 + (XN-X)*SHIFT;
             PRINCIPLE PART (A11,A12,A21,A22,XHALF,YHALF);
             BOUNDARY PP    (AZN,            XHALF,YHALF);
             BOUNDARY LO    (BZN,CZN, XN, YN, NET[IN,JN]);
 
            'CASE' AD
            'IN' ( P:=  A11;                Q:=  A12                ),
                 ( P:= (A11+A12+A21+A22)/2; Q:=(-A11+A12-A21+A22)/2 ),
                 ( P:=  A22;                Q:= -A21                )
            'ESAC';
            PPP:= ( P*AZN - Q)/2;           PLO:= P*HSTEP;
 
            STIFF[ I, J,        0 ] +:= -PPP + PLO*BZ ;
            STIFF[ I, J, DIRECTION] +:=  PPP          ;
            FORCE[ I, J           ] +:=        PLO*CZ ;
            STIFF[IN,JN,        0 ] +:= +PPP + PLO*BZN;
            STIFF[IN,JN,-DIRECTION] +:= -PPP          ;
            FORCE[IN,JN           ] +:=        PLO*CZN;
 
            I:= IN; J:= JN; X:= XN; Y:= YN; BZ:= BZN; CZ:= CZN
     'END';
 
     'IF'    OMEGA :=: 'NIL'
     'THEN' 'INT' I:= L1, J:= L2; 'REAL' X:= X0+I*H, Y:= Y0+J*K, BZ,CZ;
            BOUNDARY LO (BZ,CZ,X,Y,NET[I,J]);
            'WHILE' I<B1 'DO' BOUNDARY SEGMENT(I,J, 3,X,Y,BZ,CZ) 'OD';
            'WHILE' J<B2 'DO' BOUNDARY SEGMENT(I,J, 1,X,Y,BZ,CZ) 'OD';
            'WHILE' I>L1 'DO' BOUNDARY SEGMENT(I,J,-3,X,Y,BZ,CZ) 'OD';
            'WHILE' J>L2 'DO' BOUNDARY SEGMENT(I,J,-1,X,Y,BZ,CZ) 'OD'
     'ELIF' 1'UPB'OMEGA >1
     'THEN' 'INT' I:= 'ROUND'((OMEGA[1,1]-X0)/H ),
                  J:= 'ROUND'((OMEGA[1,2]-Y0)/K ),IN,JN,DIR;
            'REAL' X:= X0+I*H, Y:= Y0+J*K, BZ,CZ;
            BOUNDARY LO (BZ,CZ,X,Y,NET[I,J]);
 
            'FOR' S 'FROM' 2 'TO' 1'UPB'OMEGA
            'DO'  IN:= 'ROUND'((OMEGA[S,1]-X0)/H );
                  JN:= 'ROUND'((OMEGA[S,2]-Y0)/K );
                  DIR:= 'SIGN'(JN-J) + 3*'SIGN'(IN-I);
                  'WHILE'  BOUNDARY SEGMENT(I,J,DIR,X,Y,BZ,CZ);
                           I /= IN 'OR' J /= JN
                  'DO' 'SKIP' 'OD'
            'OD'
     'FI'
  'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
 

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
  'PROC' BC PW CON = ('PROBLEM' PROBLEM, 'GRID' UG,
                      'NET' FORCE, 'NETMAT' STIFF )'VOID':
    #$B BCPC    B$#
  'BEGIN' 'REF'[,]'REAL' NET = NET'OF' UG;
          'INT'  L1 = 1'LWB' NET,  L2 = 2'LWB'NET,
                 B1 = 1'UPB' NET,  B2 = 2'UPB'NET;
          'REAL' H = XH0/(2**(LEVEL'OF'UG)),
                 K = YH0/(2**(LEVEL'OF'UG));
 
 
     'PROC'('REF''REAL','REF''REAL',
            'REAL','REAL','REAL')'VOID' BOUNDARY LO
                                      = BOUNDARY LO    'OF' PROBLEM;
 
     'PROC' BOUNDARY SEGMENT = ('INT' DIRECTION )'VOID':
     'BEGIN' 'REAL' XO:= X, YO:= Y, UO:= U, B, C, W;
             'INT'  IO:= I, JO:= J, ND:= 'SIGN' DIRECTION;
 
             W:= ( 'ABS' DIRECTION = 1
                 ! J+:= ND; Y:= Y0+J*K; K/2
                 ! I+:= ND; X:= X0+I*H; H/2
                 );
 
             BOUNDARY LO (B,C,(X+XO)/2,(Y+YO)/2,
                 (LIN! 'SKIP' ! ((U:=NET[I,J]) + UO)/2 ));
 
             # ## DIRICHLET: B=LARGE, C=LARGE*BC      # ##
             # ## NEUMANN  : B=  0.0, C=       H      # ##
 
             STIFF[IO,JO, 0] +:= W*B;
             FORCE[IO,JO   ] +:= W*C;
             STIFF[I ,J , 0] +:= W*B;
             FORCE[I ,J    ] +:= W*C
     'END';
 
      'BOOL' LIN = LINEAR'OF'PROBLEM;
      'INT'  I:= L1,     J:= L2;
      'REAL' X:= X0+I*H, Y:= Y0+J*K, U:= NET[I,J];
      'WHILE' I<B1 'DO' BOUNDARY SEGMENT( 3) 'OD';
      'WHILE' J<B2 'DO' BOUNDARY SEGMENT( 1) 'OD';
      'WHILE' I>L1 'DO' BOUNDARY SEGMENT(-3) 'OD';
      'WHILE' J>L2 'DO' BOUNDARY SEGMENT(-1) 'OD'
  'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
  'PROC' BC DIRICH = ('PROBLEM' PROBLEM, 'GRID' U,
                      'NET' FORCE, 'NETMAT' STIFF )'VOID':
    #$B BCDIR   B$#
  'BEGIN' 'REF'[,]'REAL' NET = NET'OF' U;
          'INT'  L1 = 1'LWB' NET,  L2 = 2'LWB'NET,
                 B1 = 1'UPB' NET,  B2 = 2'UPB'NET;
          'REAL' H = XH0/(2**(LEVEL'OF'U)),
                 K = YH0/(2**(LEVEL'OF'U));
 
 
     'PROC'('REF''REAL','REF''REAL',
            'REAL','REAL','REAL')'VOID' BOUNDARY LO
                                      = BOUNDARY LO    'OF' PROBLEM;
 
     'PROC' BOUNDARY SEGMENT = ('INT' DIRECTION )'VOID':
     'BEGIN' 'INT'  ND = 'SIGN' DIRECTION;
 
             ( 'ABS' DIRECTION = 1
             ! J+:= ND; Y:= Y0+J*K
             ! I+:= ND; X:= X0+I*H
             );
 
             # ## DIRICHLET: B=LARGE, C=LARGE*BC      # ##
             BOUNDARY LO ( STIFF[I,J,0], FORCE[I,J], X, Y,
                          ( LIN ! 'SKIP' ! NET[I,J]) )
 
     'END';
 
      'BOOL' LIN = LINEAR'OF'PROBLEM;
      'INT'  I:= L1,     J:= L2;
      'REAL' X:= X0+I*H, Y:= Y0+J*K;
             BOUNDARY LO ( STIFF[I,J,0], FORCE[I,J], X, Y,
                          ( LIN ! 'SKIP' ! NET[I,J]) );
      'WHILE' I<B1 'DO' BOUNDARY SEGMENT( 3) 'OD';
      'WHILE' J<B2 'DO' BOUNDARY SEGMENT( 1) 'OD';
      'WHILE' I>L1 'DO' BOUNDARY SEGMENT(-3) 'OD';
      'WHILE' J>L2 'DO' BOUNDARY SEGMENT(-1) 'OD'
  'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 

 # GALERKIN OPERATOR CONSTRUCTION                 #     'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
 'OP' 'RAP' = ('NETMAT' AFI )'NETMAT':
    #$B RAP     B$#
 'BEGIN' 'INT' L1 = (1'LWB'AFI)'OVER'2, U1 = (1'UPB'AFI)'OVER'2,
               L2 = (2'LWB'AFI)'OVER'2, U2 = (2'UPB'AFI)'OVER'2;
         'HEAP' [L1:U1,L2:U2,-3:3]'REAL' ACO; 'ZERO' ACO;
         'INT' TI,TK,TIM,TKM;
 
        [1:3,1:3,-3:3]'REAL' FINE;
        'REF'[]'REAL'
               A = FINE[1,1,@-3], B = FINE[1,2,@-3], C = FINE[1,3,@-3],
               D = FINE[2,1,@-3], E = FINE[2,2,@-3], F = FINE[2,3,@-3],
               G = FINE[3,1,@-3], H = FINE[3,2,@-3], J = FINE[3,3,@-3];
        'REF''REAL'
               AA =A[ 0], AB =A[ 1], AD =A[ 3],
               BA =B[-1], BB =B[ 0], BC =B[ 1], BD =B[ 2], BE =B[ 3],
               CB =C[-1], CC =C[ 0], CE =C[ 2], CF =C[ 3],
               DA =D[-3], DB =D[-2], DD =D[ 0], DE =D[ 1], DG =D[ 3],
               EB =E[-3], EC =E[-2], ED =E[-1], EE =E[ 0],
                                     EF =E[ 1], EG =E[ 2], EH =E[ 3],
               FC =F[-3], FE =F[-1], FF =F[ 0], FH =F[ 2], FJ =F[ 3],
               GD =G[-3], GE =G[-2], GG =G[ 0], GH =G[ 1],
               HE =H[-3], HF =H[-2], HG =H[-1], HH =H[ 0], HJ =H[ 1],
               JF =J[-3], JH =J[-1], JJ =J[ 0];
 
             TI:= 2*L1; TK:= 2*L2;
             FINE[3,3,]:= AFI[TI,TK,];
            # ##JJ# ##ACO[L1,L2,0]:= 4*JJ;
        'FOR' K 'FROM' L2+1 'TO' U2
        'DO' TKM:= TK; TK:= 2*K;
             FINE[3,1:3,]:= AFI[TI,TKM:TK,];
            # ##GG# ##ACO[L1,K-1,0] +:= (GH+HG)*2 + HH;
            # ##JJ# ##ACO[L1,K  ,0] +:= (JH+HJ)*2 + HH +JJ*4;
            # ##GJ# ##ACO[L1,K-1,1] +:= (GH+HJ)*2 + HH;
            # ##JG# ##ACO[L1,K ,-1] +:= (HG+JH)*2 + HH
        'OD';
 
        'FOR' I 'FROM' L1+1 'TO' U1
        'DO' TIM:= TI; TI:= 2*I; TK:= 2*L2;
             FINE[1:3,3,]:= AFI[TIM:TI,TK,];
            # ##CC# ##ACO[I-1,L2,0] +:= (CF+FC)*2 + FF;
            # ##JJ# ##ACO[I  ,L2,0] +:= (JF+FJ)*2 + FF + JJ*4;
            # ##CJ# ##ACO[I-1,L2,3] +:= (CF+FJ)*2 + FF;
            # ##JC# ##ACO[I ,L2,-3] +:= (FC+JF)*2 + FF;
        'FOR' K 'FROM' L2+1 'TO' U2
        'DO' TKM:= TK; TK:= 2*K;
             FINE[1:3,1:3,]:= AFI[TIM:TI,TKM:TK,];
             'REF'[]'REAL' A = ACO[I-1,K-1,@-3],
                           C = ACO[I-1,K  ,@-3],
                           G = ACO[I  ,K-1,@-3],
                           J = ACO[I  ,K  ,@-3];
            # ##AA# ## A[ 0]+:= BD + DB;
            # ##CC# ## C[ 0]+:= (CE+EC+CF+FC)*2 + EE+FF+BE+EB+EF+FE;
            # ##GG# ## G[ 0]+:= (GE+EG+GH+HG)*2 + EE+HH+DE+ED+EH+HE;
            # ##JJ# ## J[ 0]+:= JJ*4+ (JF+FJ+JH+HJ)*2 + FF+HH+FH+HF;
            # ##AC# ## A[ 1]+:= BE+DB+DE;
            # ##CA# ## C[-1]+:= EB+BD+ED;
            # ##AG# ## A[ 3]+:= BD+DE+BE;
            # ##GA# ## G[-3]+:= DB+ED+EB;
            # ##GC# ## G[-2]+:= (GE+EC)*2 + EE+HE+DE+HF+DB+EF+EB;
            # ##CG# ## C[ 2]+:= (EG+CE)*2 + EE+EH+ED+FH+BD+FE+BE;
            # ##GJ# ## G[ 1]+:= (GH+HJ)*2 + HH+EH+HF+EF;
            # ##JG# ## J[-1]+:= (HG+JH)*2 + HH+HE+FH+FE;
            # ##CJ# ## C[ 3]+:= (CF+FJ)*2 + FF+EH+EF+FH;
            # ##JC# ## J[-3]+:= (FC+JF)*2 + FF+HE+FE+HF
        'OD' 'OD';
        'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1 'DO'
        'FOR' K 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2 'DO'
        'FOR' L 'FROM' -3 'TO'  3 'DO' ACO[I,K,L] *:= 0.25
        'OD' 'OD' 'OD';   ACO
 'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
 
 #  ORIENTATION:
 
 
       ACO = COARSE         K-1          K
                 -------------------------->  Y
         !
         !          FINE     1     2     3
         !                                                  -3    -2
         ! I-1        1      A --  B --  C                   !  /
         !                   !  /  !  /  !            -1  -  0  -  1
         !            2      D --  E --  F                /  !
         !                   !  /  !  /  !             2     3
         !  I         3      G --  H --  J
    X    V
 
 
    THIS ALGORITHM CAN BE EFFECTUATED BY  87 ADDITIONS AND
                                           7 MULTIPLICATIONS BY 0.25
    PER COARSE GRID POINT
 #
 

 # SOLVE BY GAUSSIAN ELIMINATION #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' SOLVE = ('NETMAT' C, 'NET' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B SOLVE   B$#
    'BEGIN' 'NETMAT' B = C [@1,@1,@3'LWB'C];
            'NET' RHS  = F [@1,@1];
            'INT' N1 = 1'UPB'RHS, N2= 2'UPB'RHS;
            'INT' N = N1*N2, S = 3'UPB'B, N3 = N2-3;
                  # ## S=4 : NINE-STAR ; S=3 : SEVEN-STAR # ##
 
            'PRIO'  <> = 4;
            'OP' <> = ('VEC' A,B) 'VOID':
            'FOR' I 'FROM' 'LWB' A 'TO' 'UPB' A
            'DO' 'REAL' S = A[I]; A[I]:= B[I]; B[I]:= S 'OD';
 
            'REF'[,]'REAL' SOLUT = U[@1,@1];
            [1:N, 1:N+1]'REAL' A;
            'VEC' V = A[,N+1];
 
            'FOR' I 'TO' N1 'DO'
            'FOR' J 'TO' N2 'DO'
            'BEGIN' 'INT' K = (I-1)*N2 + J;
                    'REF'[]'REAL' AK= A[K,], BIJ= B[I,J,@-S];
                    'FOR' L 'TO' N 'DO' AK[L]:= 0.0 'OD';
                    'FOR' Z 'FROM' -S 'TO' S
                    'DO' 'IF'   I= 1 'AND' Z<-1 'THEN' 'SKIP'
                         'ELIF' I=N1 'AND' Z> 1 'THEN' 'SKIP'
                         'ELIF' J= 1 'AND' (Z=-4 'OR' Z=-1 'OR' Z= 2)
                              'THEN' 'SKIP'
                         'ELIF' J=N2 'AND' (Z= 4 'OR' Z= 1 'OR' Z=-2)
                              'THEN' 'SKIP'
                         'ELSE'
                              AK[(Z<-1 ! K+Z-N3 !: Z>1 ! K+Z+N3 ! K+Z)]
                              := BIJ[Z]
                         'FI'
                    'OD';
                    AK[N+1] := RHS[I,J]
            'END' 'OD' 'OD';
 
            # ##         'FOR' K 'TO' N
                      'DO' PRINT(NEWLINE);
                           'FOR' L 'TO' N+1
                           'DO' PRINT((FLOAT(A[K,L],7,1,2),"  "))
                      'OD' 'OD';PRINT((NEWLINE,NEWLINE));
            # ##

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
            'FOR' J 'TO' N
            'DO' 'INT' JP1= J+1; 'INT' PJ:= J;
                 'REAL' SI,S:= 'ABS' A[J,J];
                 'FOR' I 'FROM' JP1 'TO' N
                 'DO' ((SI:='ABS'A[I,J]) >S ! S:=SI; PJ:=I ) 'OD';
                 (J /= PJ ! A[PJ,] <> A[J,] ); S := A[J,J];
                 'FOR' I 'FROM' JP1 'TO' N
                 'DO' SI:= A[I,J]/S;
                      'FOR' K 'FROM' J 'TO' N+1
                      'DO' A[I,K] -:= A[J,K]*SI 'OD'
                 'OD'
            'OD';
            'FOR' J 'FROM' N 'BY' -1 'TO' 1
            'DO' V[J] /:= A[J,J];
 
                 'FOR' I 'FROM' J-1 'BY' -1 'TO' 1
                 'DO' V[I] -:= A[I,J]*V[J] 'OD'
            'OD';
 
            'FOR' I 'TO' N1
            'DO' 'FOR' J 'TO' N2
                 'DO' SOLUT[I,J]:=V[(I-1)*N2 + J] 'OD'
            'OD'
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # OPERATOR EVALUATION           #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! #
    # EVERYWHERE THE MATRIX DOES NOT DEFINE THE NETMAT M, #
    # !!!!!!!!!!! M SHOULD CONTAIN ZEROES !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! #
    # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! #
 
    'PROC' RESIDUAL = ('NETMAT' M, 'NET' U,F )'NET':
    #$B RESID   B$#
    'BEGIN''INT' L1= 1'LWB'U, L2= 2'LWB'U,
                 U1= 1'UPB'U, U2= 2'UPB'U;
       'HEAP'[L1:U1,L2:U2]'REAL' S;
 
       'REF'[ ]'REAL' UIM:= U[L1,@L2], UI, UIP:= U[L1,@L2];
       'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1
       'DO' ( UI:= UIP; I = U1 ! 'SKIP' ! UIP:= U[I+1,@L2] );
            'REF' []'REAL' SI = S[I,@L2], FI = F[I,@L2];
            'REF'[,]'REAL' MI = M[I,@L2,@-3];
 
            'INT' JM:= L2, JJ, JP:= L2;
            'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2
            'DO' ( JJ:= JP; J=U2 ! 'SKIP' ! JP+:= 1 );
 
                 'REF'[]'REAL' MIJ = MI[JJ,@-3];
                 SI[JJ]:= FI[JJ] -
                          (         MIJ[-3]*UIM[JJ] + MIJ[-2]*UIM[JP] +
                 MIJ[-1]*UI [JM]  + MIJ[ 0]*UI [JJ] + MIJ[ 1]*UI [JP] +
                 MIJ[ 2]*UIP[JM]  + MIJ[ 3]*UIP[JJ] );
 
                 JM:= JJ
            'OD';
            UIM:= UI
       'OD';S
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
    'OP' *  = ('NETMAT' M, 'NET' U)'NET':
    #$B NETMAT* B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1= 1'LWB'U, L2= 2'LWB'U, L3= 3'LWB'M,
                  U1= 1'UPB'U, U2= 2'UPB'U;
       'HEAP'[L1:U1,L2:U2]'REAL' S;
 
       'REF'[ ]'REAL' UIM:= U[L1,@L2], UI, UIP:= U[L1,@L2];
       'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1
       'DO' ( UI:= UIP; I = U1 ! 'SKIP' ! UIP:= U[I+1,@L2] );
            'REF' []'REAL' SI = S[I,@L2];
            'REF'[,]'REAL' MI = M[I,@L2,@L3];
 
            'INT' JM:= L2, JJ, JP:= L2;
            'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2
            'DO' ( JJ:= JP; J=U2 ! 'SKIP' ! JP+:= 1 );
 
                 'REF'[]'REAL' MIJ = MI[JJ,@L3];
                 'REF'  'REAL' SIJ = SI[JJ]:=
                                  + MIJ[-3]*UIM[JJ] + MIJ[-2]*UIM[JP] +
                 MIJ[-1]*UI [JM]  + MIJ[ 0]*UI [JJ] + MIJ[ 1]*UI [JP] +
                 MIJ[ 2]*UIP[JM]  + MIJ[ 3]*UIP[JJ] ;
 
 
                 JM:= JJ
            'OD';
            UIM:= UI
       'OD';S
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # RELAXATION METHODS            #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' DIRICHLET RELAX  = ('PROBLEM' P, 'REF''GRID' UG,
                               'NETMAT'  M, 'NET'        F)'VOID':
           # SUBSTITUTES BOUNDARY VALUES,
             USEFULL IN CASE OF DIRICHLET BOUNDARY CONDITIONS #
    #$B RELAXD  B$#
    'IF'   'REF'[, ]'REAL' OMEGA = OMEGA'OF'P;
           'REF'[, ]'REAL' U = NET'OF'UG;
            OMEGA :=: 'NIL'
    'THEN' 'INT' L1=1'LWB'U, U1=1'UPB'U, L2=2'LWB'U, U2=2'UPB'U;
           'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'BY' U1-L1 'TO' U1
           'DO' 'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2
                'DO' U[I,J]:= F[I,J]/M[I,J,0] 'OD'
           'OD';
           'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'BY' U2-L2 'TO' U2
           'DO' 'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1
                'DO' U[I,J]:= F[I,J]/M[I,J,0] 'OD'
           'OD'
    'ELSE' 'INT'  L = LEVEL'OF'UG;
           'REAL' H = XH0/2**L, K = YH0/2**L;
           'INT'  I:= 'ROUND'((OMEGA[1,1]-X0)/H),
                  J:= 'ROUND'((OMEGA[1,2]-Y0)/K), IN,JN,DI,DJ;
           'FOR' S 'FROM' 2 'TO' 1'UPB'OMEGA
           'DO' IN:= 'ROUND'((OMEGA[S,1]-X0)/H); DI:= 'SIGN'(IN-I);
                JN:= 'ROUND'((OMEGA[S,2]-Y0)/K); DJ:= 'SIGN'(JN-J);
                'WHILE' U[I,J]:= F[I,J]/M[I,J,0];
                        I /= IN   'AND' J /= JN
                'DO' I+:= DI; J+:=DJ 'OD'
           'OD'
    'FI'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # POINT RELAXATION PROCEDURES   #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
 #'BOOL' SYMMETRIC:= 'FALSE', BACKWARD:= 'FALSE',
         REVERSE  := 'FALSE', ZEBRA   := 'FALSE';
 #
    'PROC' PGS RELAX    = ('NETMAT'M, 'NET' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B RELPGS  B$#
    'BEGIN' # ## POINT GAUSS SEIDEL (PGS) # ##
       'INT' L1:= 1'LWB'U, U1:= 1'UPB'U, START1, STEP1, STOP1,
             L2:= 2'LWB'U, U2:= 2'UPB'U, START2, STEP2, STOP2;
 
       'TO' ( SYMMETRIC ! 2 ! 1)
       'DO' ( BACKWARD ! START1:= U1; STEP1:= -1; STOP1:= L1
                       ! START1:= L1; STEP1:=  1; STOP1:= U1 );
            ( REVERSE  ! START2:= U2; STEP2:= -1; STOP2:= L2
                       ! START2:= L2; STEP2:=  1; STOP2:= U2 );
 
            'FOR' I 'FROM' START1 'BY' STEP1 'TO' STOP1
            'DO'  'REF'[] 'REAL' FI= F[I,@L2], UIM= U[(I>L1!I-1!I),@L2],
                                 UI= U[I,@L2], UIP= U[(I<U1!I+1!I),@L2];
                  'REF'[,]'REAL' MI= M[I,@L2,@-3];
                  'FOR' J 'FROM' START2 'BY' STEP2 'TO' STOP2
                  'DO' 'INT' JM= (J>L2!J-1!J), JP= (J<U2!J+1!J);
                       'REF'[]'REAL' MIJ = MI[J,@-3];
 
                       UI[J]:=       ( MIJ[-3]*UIM[J]+MIJ[-2]*UIM[JP]+
                       MIJ[-1]*UI [JM]    -     FI[J]+MIJ[ 1]*UI [JP]+
                       MIJ[ 2]*UIP[JM]+MIJ[ 3]*UIP[J] )/   -MIJ[ 0]
 
                  'OD'
            'OD'  ;
 
            ( SYMMETRIC! REVERSE:='NOT'REVERSE; BACKWARD:='NOT'BACKWARD)
       'OD'
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # LINE  RELAXATION PROCEDURES   #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' LGS RELAX    = ('NETMAT'M, 'NET' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B RELLGS  B$#
    'BEGIN' # ## LINE GAUSS SEIDEL (LGS)  # ##
       'INT' ST = ( ZEBRA ! 2 ! 1 );
       'INT' L1:= 1'LWB'U, U1:= 1'UPB'U, START, STEP, STOP;
 
       'FOR' K 'TO' ( SYMMETRIC 'OR' ZEBRA ! 2 ! 1)
       'DO' ( BACKWARD ! START := U1; STEP := -ST; STOP := L1
                       ! START := L1; STEP :=  ST; STOP := U1 );
            (   ZEBRA
            ! ( SYMMETRIC /= 'ODD'(K+START) ! START+:= 'SIGN'STEP )
            # ## ( SYMMETRIC ! EVEN-ODD ! ODD-EVEN ) HALF STEP # ##);
 
            'FOR' I 'FROM' START  'BY' STEP  'TO' STOP
            'DO' LINE RELAX ( U[ (I>L1!I-1!I),], U[I,],
                              U[ (I<U1!I+1!I),], F[I,], M[I,,@-3] )
            'OD';
            (SYMMETRIC ! BACKWARD:= 'NOT' BACKWARD )
       'OD'
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'PROC' LINE RELAX = ( 'VEC'UM,U,UP,F,'REF'[,]'REAL'M )'VOID':
    #$B RELLINE B$#
    'BEGIN' 'VEC' B= M[, 1],# ##B[L:K], SUP# ## N = M[,-3], NE= M[,-2],
                  A= M[, 0],# ##A[L:K], DIA# ## S = M[, 3], SW= M[, 2],
                  C= M[,-1];# ##C[L:K], SUB# ##
            # ##NOT EXISTING MATRIX ELEMENTS: C[L]= B[K]=  0 !!!!!!# ##
 
            'INT' L='LWB'F, K='UPB'F; [L:K]'REAL' AA;
            ( 'UPB'A /= K 'OR' 'UPB'U /= K ! ERROR );
            'INT' I:=L; 'REAL' G:= 0, P; AA[L]:= 1.0;
 
            'FOR' J 'FROM' L 'TO' K
            'DO' AA[J]:= A[J] - B[I]*    (  P:= C[J]/AA[I] );
                 G    := F[J]        - N[J]*UM[J] -
                         SW[J]*UP[I] - S[J]*UP[J] - G*P;
                 ( J<K ! G  -:=                     NE[J]*UM[J+1] );
                 U[ J]:= G;  I:= J
            'OD';
            'FOR' J 'FROM' K 'BY' -1 'TO' L
            'DO' U [J]:= G := ( U[J] - B[J]*G )/AA[J] 'OD'
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # DAMPED JACOBI RELAXATION      #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' JAC RELAX    = ('NETMAT'M, 'NET' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B RELJAC  B$#
    'BEGIN' # ## APPROX.OF JACOBIAN = 2 * DIAGONAL OF JACOBIAN # ##
       'INT' L1= 1'LWB'U, L2= 2'LWB'U,
             U1= 1'UPB'U, U2= 2'UPB'U;
       'HEAP'[L1:U1,L2:U2]'REAL' UNEW;
       'REF'[ ]'REAL' UIM:= U[L1,@L2], UI, UIP:= U[L1,@L2];
       'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1
       'DO' ( UI:= UIP; I = U1 ! 'SKIP' ! UIP:= U[I+1,@L2] );
            'REF' []'REAL' FI = F[I,@L2];
            'REF'[,]'REAL' MI:= M[I,@L2,@-3];
 
            'INT' JM:= L2, JJ, JP:= L2;
            'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2
            'DO' ( JJ:= JP; J=U2 ! 'SKIP' ! JP+:= 1 );
 
                 'REF'[]'REAL' MIJ = MI[JJ,@-3];
                 UNEW[I,JJ]:=     ( MIJ[-3]*UIM[JJ] + MIJ[-2]*UIM[JP] +
                 MIJ[-1]*UI [JM]  - MIJ[ 0]*UI [JJ] + MIJ[ 1]*UI [JP] +
                 MIJ[ 2]*UIP[JM]  + MIJ[ 3]*UIP[JJ]
                                             - FI [JJ])/(-2.0*MIJ[0]) ;
                 JM:= JJ
            'OD';
            UIM:= UI
       'OD' ;
       U:= UNEW
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # ILU RELAXATION                #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' ILU RELAX    = ('REF''NETMAT' M,'NETMAT' A,'NET' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B RELILUX B$#
    'BEGIN' ( M :=: 'NETMAT'('NIL') !
              M :=  ILUDECOMP( A )  );
            # ## THE NOT EFFICIENT VERSION !!! # ##
            'NET' X = RESIDUAL (A,U,F);
 
       'INT' L1= 1'LWB'X, L2= 2'LWB'X,
             U1= 1'UPB'X, U2= 2'UPB'X;
       'INT' L1P:=L1, U1M:=U1, L2P:=L2, U2M:=U2;
       'REF'[]'REAL' XIM:= X[L1,@L2],XI,XIP:=X[U1,@L2];
       'FOR' I 'FROM' L1P 'TO' U1M
       'DO'  XI:= X[I,@L2];
             'REF'[,]'REAL' MI= M[I,@L2,@-3];
             'INT' JM:= L2, JP:=L2P;
             'FOR' J 'FROM' L2P 'TO' U2M
             'DO'  ( J<U2 ! JP+:=1 );
                   'REF'[]'REAL' MIJ= MI[J,@-3];
                   XI[J]:=            ( MIJ[-3]*XIM[J]+MIJ[-2]*XIM[JP]+
                        MIJ[-1]*XI [JM]    -    XI [J] )/   -MIJ[0];
                   JM:= J
             'OD' ;
             XIM:= XI
       'OD'  ;
       'FOR' I 'FROM' U1M 'BY' -1 'TO' L1P
       'DO'  XI:= X[I,@L2];
             'REF'[,]'REAL' MI= M[I,@L2,@-3];
             'INT' JM:= U2M, JP:= U2;
             'FOR' J 'FROM' U2M 'BY' -1 'TO' L2P
             'DO'  ( J>L2 ! JM-:=1 );
                   'REF'[]'REAL' MIJ= MI[J,@-3];
                   XI[J]:=           -(        -XI [J]+MIJ[ 1]*XI [JP]+
                        MIJ[ 2]*XIP[JM]+MIJ[ 3]*XIP[J]     );
                   JP:= J
             'OD' ;
             XIP:= XI
       'OD'  ;
       'FOR' I 'FROM' L1P 'TO' U1M 'DO'
       'FOR' J 'FROM' L2P 'TO' U2M 'DO'
             U[I,J]+:= X[I,J]  'OD' 'OD'
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # PREPARATION OF ILU RELAXATION #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' ILU DECOMP   = ('NETMAT' A )'NETMAT':
    #$B ILUDEC  B$#
    'BEGIN' 'NETMAT' M = A[@1,@1,@-3];
            'INT' II = 1'UPB'M, JJ= 2'UPB'M;
            'HEAP'[1:II,1:JJ,-3:3]'REAL' AA; 'ZERO' AA;
 
            'REF' [,]'REAL' MM3 = M[,,-3],  L3 = AA[,,-3],
                            MM2 = M[,,-2],  L2 = AA[,,-2],
                            MM1 = M[,,-1],  L1 = AA[,,-1],
                            M0  = M[,, 0],  L0 = AA[,, 0],
 
                            M1  = M[,, 1],  U1 = AA[,, 1],
                            M2  = M[,, 2],  U2 = AA[,, 2],
                            M3  = M[,, 3],  U3 = AA[,, 3];
 
            'REF' [ ]'REAL' MM11 = MM1[1,],    L11 = L1[1,],
                            M01  = M0 [1,],    L01 = L0[1,],
                            M11  = M1 [1,@2],  U11 = U1[1,@2];
 
            'REAL' L01JM:= L01[1]:= M01[1];
 
            'FOR' J 'FROM' 2 'TO' JJ
            'DO'   L01JM := L01[J]:= M01[J] -
                 ( L11[J]:= MM11[J] ) *
                 ( U11[J]:= M11 [J] / L01JM # ## I.E. L01[J-1]# ## )
            'OD';
 
            'FOR' I 'FROM' 2 'TO' II
            'DO''INT' IM = I-1;
                'REF' [ ]'REAL'
                 M0I  = M0 [I,], L0I = L0[I,], L0IM = L0[IM,],
                 MM1I = MM1[I,], L1I = L1[I,], L1IM = L1[IM,@0],
                 MM2I = MM2[I,], L2I = L2[I,],
                 MM3I = MM3[I,], L3I = L3[I,],
                 M1I  = M1[I ,],
                 M1IM = M1[IM,], U1I = U1[I,], U1IM = U1[IM,  ],
                 M2IM = M2[IM,@0],             U2IM = U2[IM,@0],
                 M3IM = M3[IM,  ],             U3IM = U3[IM,  ];
 
                'FOR' J 'TO' JJ-1
                'DO'  L2I[J]  := MM2I[J] - U1IM[J] *
                    ( L3I[J]  := MM3I[J]           );
                      U2IM[J] := ( M2IM[J] - L1IM[J] *
                    ( U3IM[J] := M3IM[J] / L0IM[J] ) )/L0IM[J+1]
                'OD';
 
                L3I [JJ]:= MM3I[JJ];
                U3IM[JJ]:= M3IM[JJ]/ L0IM[JJ];
                L0I [ 1]:= M0I [ 1] - L3I[1]*U3IM[1] - L2I[1]*U2IM[1];
 
                'FOR' J 'FROM' 2 'TO' JJ
                'DO' 'INT' JM  = J - 1;
                      L0I[J]  := M0I [J] -
                    ( L1I[J]  := MM1I[J] - L3I[J]*U2IM[JM] )*
                    ( U1I[JM] :=(M1I[JM] - L2I[JM]*U3IM[J])/L0I[JM] )
                                 - ( J=JJ ! 0.0 ! L2I[J]*U2IM[J] )
                                 -                L3I[J]*U3IM[J]
                'OD'
            'OD';
            AA[@(1'LWB'A),@(2'LWB'A),@-3]
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # ILLU RELAXATION               #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
   'PROC' SOLL = ('INT' I, 'NETMAT' DEC, 'NET' R)'VOID':
    #$B SOLL    B$#
   'BEGIN' 'REF'[]'REAL' L = DEC[I, ,-1],
                         D = DEC[I, , 0],
                         U = DEC[I, , 1],
                         Z = R  [I, ];
           'INT' LL = 'LWB' Z, UU = 'UPB' Z;
 
      'FOR' J 'FROM' LL+1         'TO' UU 'DO' Z[J]+:= L[J]*Z[J-1] 'OD';
      'FOR' J 'FROM' LL           'TO' UU 'DO' Z[J]/:= D[J]        'OD';
      'FOR' J 'FROM' UU-1 'BY' -1 'TO' LL 'DO' Z[J]+:= U[J]*Z[J+1] 'OD'
   'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
   'PROC' ILLU RELAX = ('REF''NETMAT' DEC,'NETMAT'JAC, 'NET' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B ILLUR   B$#
   'BEGIN' 'INT' L1= 1'LWB'U , U1= 1'UPB'U, L2= 2'LWB'U, U2= 2'UPB'U;
           ( 'NETMAT'(DEC) :=: 'NETMAT'('NIL') ! ILLUDEC (JAC,DEC) );
           [L1:U1,L2:U2]'REAL' DU,RH;
 
           RH:= RESIDUAL(JAC,U,F);
           SOLL(L1,DEC,RH);
           'FOR' I 'FROM' L1+1 'TO' U1
           'DO' 'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2
                'DO' RH[I,J]-:= JAC[I,J,-3]*RH[I-1,J  ] +
                       ( J<U2 ! JAC[I,J,-2]*RH[I-1,J+1] ! 0.0 )
                'OD';
                SOLL(I,DEC,RH)
           'OD';
           DU[U1,]:=RH[U1,];
           'FOR' I 'FROM' U1-1 'BY' -1 'TO' L1
           'DO' 'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2
                'DO' DU[I,J] := JAC[I,J, 3]*DU[I+1,J  ] +
                       ( J>L2 ! JAC[I,J, 2]*DU[I+1,J-1] ! 0.0 )
                'OD';
                SOLL(I,DEC,DU);
                'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2
                'DO' DU[I,J] := RH[I,J] - DU[I,J] 'OD'
           'OD';
 
           'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1 'DO'
           'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2 'DO'
                 U[I,J]+:= DU[I,J]
           'OD' 'OD'
   'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
   'PROC' ILLUDEC = ('NETMAT' JAC, 'REF''NETMAT' DECOMP )'VOID':
    #$B ILLUD   B$#
   'BEGIN' 'INT' L1= 1'LWB'JAC, U1= 1'UPB'JAC,
                 L2= 2'LWB'JAC, U2= 2'UPB'JAC;
           'INT' IP;
           'REAL' DD,LL,II,L DINV U;
           [L2:U2,-1:+1]'REAL' D;
           [L2:U2,-2:+2]'REAL' DINV;
           [L2:U2,-1:+2]'REAL' L DINV;
           'HEAP'[L1:U1,L2:U2,-1:+1]'REAL' DEC;
 
           D[L2:U2,-1:+1]:= JAC[L1,L2:U2,-1:+1];
 
           DD:= DEC[L1,L2,0]:= D[L2,0];
           'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2-1
           'DO' DEC[L1,J  ,+1]:=     -D[J  ,+1]/DD;
                DEC[L1,J+1,-1]:= LL:=-D[J+1,-1]/DD;
                DEC[L1,J+1, 0]:= DD:= D[J+1, 0] + D[J,1]*LL
           'OD';
 
           'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1-1
           'DO'  IP:= I+1;
                     DINV[U2,0]:= II:= 1.0/DEC[I,U2,0];
                'FOR' J 'FROM' U2-1 'BY' -1 'TO' L2
                'DO' DINV[ J,0]:= II:= 1.0/DEC[I, J,0] +
                                  II * DEC[I,J,1]*DEC[I,J+1,-1]
                'OD';
 
                'FOR' K 'TO' 2 'DO'
                'FOR' J 'FROM' U2 'BY'-1 'TO' L2+K 'DO'
                      DINV[J  ,-K]:= DINV[J    ,1-K]*DEC[I,J-K+1,-1];
                      DINV[J-K, K]:= DINV[J-K+1,K-1]*DEC[I,J-K  ,+1]
                'OD' 'OD';
 
                'FOR' K 'FROM'           -1  'TO'           2    'DO'
                'FOR' J 'FROM' L2+(K=-1!1!0) 'TO' U2-(K=2!2!1)
                'DO'  L DINV[J ,K]:= JAC[IP,J ,-3]*DINV[J  ,K  ] +
                                     JAC[IP,J ,-2]*DINV[J+1,K-1]
                'OD';
                                                                 ( K<1 !
                      L DINV[U2,K]:= JAC[IP,U2,-3]*DINV[U2 ,K  ]       )
                'OD';
 
                'FOR' K 'FROM'           -1  'TO'           1    'DO'
                'FOR' J 'FROM' L2+(K=-1!1!0) 'TO' U2-(K=1!1!0)
                'DO'  L DINV U := L DINV[J,K  ]*JAC[I,J+K  ,3];
                                                               (J+K<U2 !
                      L DINV U+:= L DINV[J,K+1]*JAC[I,J+K+1,2]        );
                      D[J,K]   :=   JAC[IP,J,K] - L DINV U
                'OD' 'OD';
 
                DD:= DEC[IP,L2,0]:= D[L2,0];
                'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2-1
                'DO' DEC[IP,J  ,+1]:=     -D[J  ,+1]/DD;
                     DEC[IP,J+1,-1]:= LL:=-D[J+1,-1]/DD;
                     DEC[IP,J+1, 0]:= DD:= D[J+1, 0] + D[J,1]*LL
           'OD' 'OD';
           DECOMP:= DEC
   'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 

 # OTHER POINTWISE RELAXATION    #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 #
    'INT' TH RELAX STRATEGY := 1;
 #
    'PROC' TH RELAX     = ('NETMAT'M, 'NET' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B RELTH   B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1= 1'LWB'U, L2= 2'LWB'U,
                  U1= 1'UPB'U, U2= 2'UPB'U,
                  START= 'ABS' TH RELAX STRATEGY;
 
       'FOR' COLOR 'FROM' START
                   'BY' 'SIGN' TH RELAX STRATEGY
                   'TO'  START + 2
       'DO''REF'[ ]'REAL' UIM:= U[L1,@L2], UI, UIP:= U[L1,@L2];
           'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1
           'DO' ( UI:= UIP; I = U1 ! 'SKIP' ! UIP:= U[I+1,@L2] );
                'REF' []'REAL' FI = F[I,@L2];
                'REF'[,]'REAL' MI:= M[I,@L2,@-3];
 
                'INT' JM:= L2, JP:= U2;
                'FOR' J 'FROM' L2+((COLOR+I)'MOD'3)'BY' 3 'TO' U2
                'DO' ( J=L2 ! 'SKIP' ! JM:= J-1 );
                     ( J=U2 ! 'SKIP' ! JP:= J+1 );
 
                     'REF'[]'REAL' MIJ = MI[J,@-3];
                 UI[J]  :=        ( MIJ[-3]*UIM[J] + MIJ[-2]*UIM[JP] +
                 MIJ[-1]*UI [JM]  -         FI [J] + MIJ[ 1]*UI [JP] +
                 MIJ[ 2]*UIP[JM]  + MIJ[ 3]*UIP[J] )/   -MIJ[ 0]
                'OD';
                UIM:= UI
       'OD''OD'
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 #  'PROC' FOUR COLOR RELAX = 'REF'[,]'INT':
          'HEAP'[1:4,1:2]'INT' := ((0,1),(1,0),(1,1),(0,0));
    'REF' [,]'INT' CH RELAX STRATEGY:= FOUR COLOR RELAX;
 #
    'PROC' CH  RELAX    = ('NETMAT'M, 'NET' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B RELCH   B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1= 1'LWB'U, L2= 2'LWB'U,
                  U1= 1'UPB'U, U2= 2'UPB'U;
            [L2:U2]'REAL' DUMMY; 'ZERO' DUMMY;
 
       'FOR' S 'TO' 1'UPB' CH RELAX STRATEGY
       'DO' 'INT' C1 = CH RELAX STRATEGY[S,1],
                  C2 = CH RELAX STRATEGY[S,2];
           'REF'[ ]'REAL' UIM, UI, UIP;
           'FOR' I 'FROM' L1+C1 'BY' 2 'TO' U1
           'DO'  UI:= U[I,@L2];
                 UIM:= ( I=L1 ! DUMMY ! U[I-1,@L2]);
                 UIP:= ( I=U1 ! DUMMY ! U[I+1,@L2]);
                'REF' []'REAL' FI = F[I,@L2];
                'REF'[,]'REAL' MI:= M[I,@L2,@-3];
 
                'INT' JM:= L2, JP:= L2;
                'FOR' J 'FROM' L2+C2 'BY' 2 'TO' U2
                'DO' ( J=U2 ! 'SKIP' ! JP:= J+1 );
 
                     'REF'[]'REAL' MIJ = MI[J,@-3];
                 UI[J] :=        ( MIJ[-3]*UIM[J] + MIJ[-2]*UIM[JP] +
                 MIJ[-1]*UI [JM]  -         FI [J] + MIJ[ 1]*UI [JP] +
                 MIJ[ 2]*UIP[JM]  + MIJ[ 3]*UIP[J] )/   -MIJ[ 0]     ;
 
                     JM:= JP
                'OD';
                UIM:= UIP
       'OD''OD'
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # GRID STYLE PROCEDURES         #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' SOLVE DIRECTLY = ('REF''GRID' U, 'GRID' F)'VOID':
    #$B SOLVED  B$#
           SOLVE (JACOBIAN[LEVEL'OF'F],NET'OF'U,NET'OF'F)
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'OP' 'NORM' = (             'GRID'A) []'REAL':
    #$B NRMG    B$#
                  'TRUE''NORM'A
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP' 'NORM' = ('BOOL' TRUE, 'GRID'A) []'REAL':
    #$B NRMGRID B$#
                  TRUE 'NORM'NET'OF'A
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP''ERRORNORM'    = ('GRID'   U )[]'REAL':
    #$B NRMGERR B$#
                         'TRUE'  'NORM' (U- SOLUTION)
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP''RESIDUALNORM' = ('GRID' FG, UG )[]'REAL':
    #$B NRMRESD B$#
         RESIDUALNORM(JACOBIAN[LEVEL'OF'FG],NET'OF'FG,NET'OF'UG)
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'OP' *  = ('NETMAT' M, 'GRID' U)'NET':
    #$B NET**   B$#
              M*NET'OF'U
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'PROC' RESIDUAL GRID= ('GRID' U,F )'GRID':
    #$B RESGR   B$#
                          F - 'LH' U
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'OP' 'LH' = ('GRID' U)'GRID':
    #$B LH      B$#
                (LEVEL'OF'U, JACOBIAN[LEVEL'OF'U]*(NET'OF'U))
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
 

 # CENTRAL PROCEDURES GRID STYLE #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    # ************************************************************** #
    # *********    GLOBAL PARAMETERS FOR GRID STYLE         ******** #
    # ************************************************************** #
 #
    'PROC' PROLONGATE := ('GRID' A)'GRID':
                         (LEVEL'OF'A+1,LIN INT POL(NET'OF'A)) ;
    'PROC' INTERPOLATE:= ('GRID' A)'GRID':
                         (LEVEL'OF'A+1,SQR INT POL(NET'OF'A)) ;
    'PROC' RESTRICTBAR:= ('GRID' A)'GRID':
                         (LEVEL'OF'A-1,LIN WEIGHT(NET'OF'A))  ;
    'PROC' RESTRICT   := ('GRID' A)'GRID':
                         (LEVEL'OF'A-1,INJECTION (NET'OF'A))  ;
 
    'PROC' RELAX      := ('REF''GRID' U, 'GRID' F)'VOID':
           ('INT' L = LEVEL'OF' F; ( L /= LEVEL'OF'U ! ERROR);
             ILU! ILURELAX (DECOMP[L], JACOBIAN[L],
                                       NET'OF'U , NET'OF'F   )
                ! LGSRELAX ( JACOBIAN[L],NET'OF'U,NET'OF'F)   );
 #
 
    'PROC' MG FAS = ('INT' L, 'REF'[]'GRID' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B MGFAS   B$#
    'IF'   L = 0
    'THEN' SOLVE DIRECTLY (U[0],F[0])
                                                        ;REP(0,0)
    'ELSE' 'TO' P 'DO' RELAX(U[L],F[L]) 'OD';
                                                         REP(1,L);
           'GRID' Y = RESTRICT ( U[L] );
            # ## OR  Y = 'COPY' U[L-1]; # ##
            F[L-1]:= 'LH' Y + RESTRICTBAR(
                              RESIDUAL GRID ( U[L], F[L] ))/MU;
                                                         REP(2,L-1);
           'TO' ( L=1 ! 1 ! S ) 'DO' MG FAS (L-1,U,F) 'OD';
            U[L] +:= MU * PROLONGATE (U[L-1]-Y);
                                                         REP(3,L);
           'TO' Q 'DO' RELAX(U[L],F[L]) 'OD'
                                                        ;REP(4,L)
    'FI'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'PROC' MG CS= ('INT' L, 'REF'[]'GRID' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B MGCS    B$#
    'IF'   L = 0
    'THEN' SOLVE DIRECTLY (U[0],F[0])
                                                        ;REP(0,0)
    'ELSE' 'TO' P 'DO' RELAX(U[L],F[L]) 'OD';
                                                         REP(1,L);
           'IF'   S > 0
           'THEN' F[L-1]:= RESTRICTBAR( RESIDUAL GRID( U[L], F[L] ));
                  'ZERO' U[L-1];
                                                         REP(2,L-1);
                 'TO' (L=1 ! 1 ! S ) 'DO' MG CS(L-1,U,F) 'OD';
                 U[L] +:= PROLONGATE (U[L-1])
                                                        ;REP(3,L)
                                                       'FI';
           'TO' Q 'DO' RELAX(U[L],F[L]) 'OD'
                                                        ;REP(4,L)
    'FI'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'PROC' FMGG     =('PROBLEM' PROBLEM, 'REF'[]'GRID' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B FMGG    B$#
    'BEGIN' # ## EXPECTS [0:M]'GRID' U; U[0] = STARTAPPROX.    # ##
            'BOOL' LIN = LINEAR'OF'PROBLEM;
            'INT'  L   = 'UPB'U;
            [1:3]'REAL' RES;
            JACOBIAN:= 'HEAP'[0:L]'NETMAT';
            DECOMP  := 'HEAP'[0:L]'NETMAT';
                       'FOR' I 'FROM' 0 'TO' L
                       'DO' LEVEL'OF'F[I]:= I;
                            DECOMP    [I]:= 'NETMAT'('NIL')
                       'OD';
 
            DISCRETIZATION (PROBLEM, U[0],NET'OF'F[0],JACOBIAN[0]);
            SOLVE DIRECTLY (U[0],F[0]);
            GOON FMGG ( U[0], F[0], RES );
                                                         REP (12,0);
            'FOR' K 'TO' L
            'DO' U[K]:= INTERPOLATE (U[K-1]);
                                                         REP (11,K);
                DISCRETIZATION (PROBLEM,U[K],NET'OF'F[K],JACOBIAN[K]);
                ( PR >= 0
                ! DIRICHLET RELAX(PROBLEM,U[K],JACOBIAN[K],NET'OF'F[K]);
                  'TO' PR 'DO' RELAX(U[K],F[K]) 'OD'
                );
                                                         REP (13,K);
                'TO' R  'WHILE'
                     ( LIN ! MG CS (K,U,F) ! MG FAS (K,U,F));
                     GOON FMGG ( U[K], F[K], RES )
                'DO' 'SKIP' 'OD'
                                                        ;REP (12,K)
           'OD'
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'PROC' GOON FMGG1   = ('GRID' U,F, 'REF'[]'REAL' RES) 'BOOL':
    #$B FMGG1   B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' K = LEVEL'OF'U;
            'GRID'  RESID = RESIDUAL GRID (U,F);
            []'REAL' RESN = 'FALSE''NORM' RESID;
            PRINT((NEWLINE," LEVEL ",WHOLE(K,0)));
            FL('ERRORNORM'U);FL(RESN);
            ( K > 0 ! FX(RES,RESN) );
            RES:= RESN; RESN[3] > 1.0E-12
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # CENTRAL PROCEDURES NEW STYLE  #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    # ************************************************************** #
    # *********    GLOBAL PARAMETERS FOR THE MG-ALGORITHM   ******** #
    # ************************************************************** #
 #
    'BOOL' ILU:= 'FALSE';
    'INT' P:= 1, S:= 2, Q:= 1, R, PR:= 0; R:= S; 'REAL'MU:= 1.0;
 
    'OP'  'I'   = ('NET' N)'NET': SQR INT POL(N);
    'OP'  'P'   = ('NET' N)'NET': LIN INT POL(N);
    'OP'  'R'   = ('NET' N)'NET': INJECTION  (N);
    'OP'  'RBAR'= ('NET' N)'NET': LIN WEIGHT (N);
 
    'PROC' RELAX NET :=
          ('REF''NETMAT' D,'NET' M, 'NET'U,F )'VOID': LGS RELAX(M,U,F);
 #
    'PROC' MLA FAS= ('INT'L,'REF'[]'NETMAT'D,J,'REF'[]'NET' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B MLAFAS  B$#
    'IF'   L = 0
    'THEN' SOLVE (J[0],U[0],F[0])                       ;REP(0,0)
    'ELSE' 'TO'P 'DO' RELAX NET(D[L],J[L],U[L],F[L])'OD';REP(1,L);
           'NET' Y = 'R' U[L];  # ## OR 'COPY' U[L-1] # ##
            F[L-1]:= J[L-1]*U[L-1] +
                     'RBAR' (RESIDUAL (J[L],U[L],F[L])/MU);
                                                         REP(2,L-1);
           ( L=1
           ! SOLVE (J[0],U[0],F[0])
           ! 'TO' S 'DO' MLA FAS(L-1,D,J,U,F) 'OD'
           );
            U[L] +:= MU * 'P' (U[L-1]-Y);                REP(3,L);
 
           'TO'Q 'DO' RELAX NET(D[L],J[L],U[L],F[L])'OD';REP(4,L)
    'FI'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
    'PROC' MLA CS = ('INT'L,'REF'[]'NETMAT'D,J,'REF'[]'NET' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B MLACS   B$#
    'IF'   L = 0
    'THEN' SOLVE (J[0],U[0],F[0])                       ;REP(0,0)
    'ELSE' 'TO'P 'DO' RELAX NET(D[L],J[L],U[L],F[L])'OD';REP(1,L);
           F[L-1]:= 'RBAR' RESIDUAL (J[L],U[L],F[L]);
           'ZERO' U[L-1];                                REP(2,L-1);
           ( L=1
           ! SOLVE (J[0],U[0],F[0])
           ! 'TO' S 'DO' MLA CS (L-1,D,J,U,F) 'OD'
           );
 
           U[L] +:= 'P' U[L-1];                          REP(3,L);
           'TO'Q 'DO' RELAX NET(D[L],J[L],U[L],F[L])'OD';REP(4,L)
    'FI'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' FMG     =('PROBLEM' PROBLEM, 'REF'[]'GRID' UG)'VOID':
    #$B FMG     B$#
    'BEGIN' # ## EXPECTS [0:M]'GRID' UG; UG[0]= STARTAPPROX. # ##
            'BOOL' LIN = LINEAR'OF'PROBLEM;
            'INT'  L   = 'UPB'UG;
            [1:3]'REAL' RES;
            [0:L]'NETMAT' JAC, DEC;
                       'FOR' I 'FROM' 0 'TO' L
                       'DO' DECOMP[I]:= 'NETMAT'('NIL') 'OD';
            [0:L]'NET' F; 'REF'[]'NET' U= NET'OF'UG;
 
            DISCRETIZATION(PROBLEM, UG[0],F[0],JAC[0]);
            SOLVE (JAC[0],U[0],F[0]);
            GOON FMG (JAC[0], U[0], F[0], RES );
                                                         REP (12,0);
 
           'FOR' K 'TO' L
           'DO' UG[K]:= 'GRID'(K,'I' U[K-1]);
                                                         REP (11,K);
                DISCRETIZATION (PROBLEM,UG[K],F[K],JAC[K]);
                ( PR >= 0
                ! DIRICHLET RELAX (PROBLEM,UG[K],JAC[K],F[K]);
                  'TO'PR'DO' RELAX NET(DEC[K],JAC[K],U[K],F[K])'OD'
                );
                                                         REP (13,K);
                'TO' R  'WHILE'
                     ( LIN ! MLA CS (K,DEC,JAC,U,F)
                           ! MLA FAS(K,DEC,JAC,U,F));
                     GOON FMG (JAC[K], U[K], F[K], RES )
                'DO' 'SKIP' 'OD'
                                                        ;REP (12,K)
           'OD'
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # NAG CONTRIBUTION : THE MORE EFFICIENT VERSION  #     'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' ADD INT POL = ('NET' FINE,NET )'VOID':
    #$B AIP     B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1 = 1'LWB'NET,  L2 = 2'LWB'NET,
                  B1 = 1'UPB'NET,  B2 = 2'UPB'NET;
            'INT' JJ; 'REAL' U2,U3,U4;
                 'REF'[]'REAL' UIP= NET[L1,@L2],
                               UPP= FINE[2*L1,@2*L2];
                  JJ:= 2*L2; UPP[JJ]+:=(U4:=UIP[L2]);
                  'FOR' JP 'FROM' L2+1 'TO' B2
                  'DO' U3:= U4; U4:= UIP[JP];
                       UPP[JJ+:=1]+:= (U3+U4)/2;
                       UPP[JJ+:=1]+:=     U4
                  'OD';
            'FOR' IP 'FROM' L1+1 'TO' B1
            'DO' 'REF'[]'REAL' UI  = NET [IP-1  ,@  L2],
                               UIP = NET [IP    ,@  L2],
                               UMM = FINE[2*IP-1,@2*L2],
                               UPP = FINE[2*IP  ,@2*L2];
                 JJ:= 2*L2; U2:= UI[L2]; U4:= UIP[L2];
                 UMM[JJ]:= (U2+U4)/2;  UPP[JJ]:= U4;
                 'FOR' JP 'FROM' L2+1 'TO' B2
                 'DO' JJ+:= 1;  U2:= UI [JP];
                      U3:= U4;  U4:= UIP[JP];
                      UMM[JJ]+:= (U2+U3)/2;
                      UPP[JJ]+:= (U3+U4)/2;
                      JJ+:= 1;
                      UMM[JJ]+:= (U2+U4)/2;
                      UPP[JJ]+:=     U4
                 'OD'
            'OD'
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' WEIGHT  RES = ('NETMAT'M,'NET'U,F,COARSE)'VOID':
    #$B WR      B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1 = (1'LWB'F), L2 = (2'LWB'F),
                  U1 = (1'UPB'F), U2 = (2'UPB'F);
            'INT' NL1 = L1'OVER'2,  NL2 = L2'OVER'2,
                  NU1 = U1'OVER'2,  NU2 = U2'OVER'2;
            'BOOL' U IS ZERO = 'FALSE';
            'INT' II,IM,IP, JJ,JM,JP;
            [L2:U2]'REAL' SIM,SII,SIP,ZERO; 'ZERO' ZERO; 'ZERO' SIM;
 
      'FOR' I 'FROM' NL1 'TO' NU1
      'DO' II:=  2*I; IP:= II+1; IM:= II-1;
         'REF'[]'REAL' CI = COARSE[I,@NL2];
         'IF' U IS ZERO
         'THEN' SII:= F[II,@L2]; SIP:= F[IP,@L2]
         'ELSE'
           'FOR' I 'FROM' II 'TO' IP
           'WHILE' I <= U1
           'DO' 'REF' []'REAL' UIM = (I=L1!ZERO!U[I-1,@L2]),
                               UI  =            U[I  ,@L2] ,
                               UIP = (I=U1!ZERO!U[I+1,@L2]),
                               SI  = (I=II!SII!SIP),
                               FI  = F[I,@L2];
                'REF'[,]'REAL' MI = M[I,@L2,@-3];
 
                'INT' JM, JJ:= L2, JP:= L2;
                'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2
                'DO' (JM:= JJ; JJ:= JP; J=U2 ! 'SKIP' ! JP+:= 1 );
 
                     'REF'[]'REAL' MIJ = MI[JJ,@-3];
                     SI[JJ]:=
                     FI[JJ] -      ( MIJ[-3]*UIM[JJ]+MIJ[-2]*UIM[JP]+
                     MIJ[-1]*UI [JM]+MIJ[ 0]*UI [JJ]+MIJ[ 1]*UI [JP]+
                     MIJ[ 2]*UIP[JM]+MIJ[ 3]*UIP[JJ] )
                'OD'
           'OD'
         'FI';
 
            JM:= JP:= L2+1;
            CI[NL2]:=     (         SIM[L2]+SIM[JP]
                                           +SII[JP]
                                   +SIP[L2]        )*0.5 + SII[L2];
            'FOR' J 'FROM' NL2+1 'TO' NU2-1
            'DO'  JM:= JP; JJ:= JM+1; JP:= JJ+1;
                  CI[J]:= (         SIM[JJ]+SIM[JP]
                           +SII[JM]        +SII[JP]
                           +SIP[JM]+SIP[JJ]        )*0.5 + SII[JJ]
            'OD';
            CI[NU2]:=     (         SIM[U2]
                           +SII[JM]
                           +SIP[JM]+SIP[U2]        )*0.5 + SII[U2];
            SIM:= SIP
      'OD'
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' REDUCE = ('NETMAT' AFI,'REF''NETMAT' ACO,
                     'NET' FFI,'REF''NET' FCO,UCO)'VOID':
    #$B REDUCE  B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1 = (1'LWB'AFI)'OVER'2, U1 = (1'UPB'AFI)'OVER'2,
                  L2 = (2'LWB'AFI)'OVER'2, U2 = (2'UPB'AFI)'OVER'2;
                  ACO:='HEAP' [L1:U1,L2:U2,-3:3]'REAL';
                  FCO:='HEAP' [L1:U1,L2:U2     ]'REAL';
                  UCO:='HEAP' [L1:U1,L2:U2     ]'REAL'; 'ZERO' UCO;
         'REAL' Q= 0.25;
         'INT' TI,TIP,TK,TKP;
         'REAL' FFB,FFD,FFE;
 
        [1:3,1:3,-3:3]'REAL' FINE;
        'REF'[]'REAL'
               A = FINE[1,1,@-3], B = FINE[1,2,@-3], C = FINE[1,3,@-3],
               D = FINE[2,1,@-3], E = FINE[2,2,@-3], F = FINE[2,3,@-3],
               G = FINE[3,1,@-3], H = FINE[3,2,@-3], J = FINE[3,3,@-3];
        'REF''REAL'
               AA =A[ 0], AB =A[ 1], AD =A[ 3],
               BA =B[-1], BB =B[ 0], BC =B[ 1], BD =B[ 2], BE =B[ 3],
               CB =C[-1], CC =C[ 0], CE =C[ 2], CF =C[ 3],
               DA =D[-3], DB =D[-2], DD =D[ 0], DE =D[ 1], DG =D[ 3],
               EB =E[-3], EC =E[-2], ED =E[-1], EE =E[ 0],
                                     EF =E[ 1], EG =E[ 2], EH =E[ 3],
               FC =F[-3], FE =F[-1], FF =F[ 0], FH =F[ 2], FJ =F[ 3],
               GD =G[-3], GE =G[-2], GG =G[ 0], GH =G[ 1],
               HE =H[-3], HF =H[-2], HG =H[-1], HH =H[ 0], HJ =H[ 1],
               JF =J[-3], JH =J[-1], JJ =J[ 0];
 
        'ZERO' FCO[L1,]; 'ZERO' ACO[ L1,  ,];
 
        'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' U1-1
        'DO' TI:= I+I; TIP:= TI+2;
 
        FCO[I+1,L2]:= 0; 'ZERO' ACO[I+1,L2,];
 
        'FOR' K 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2-1
        'DO' TK:= K+K; TKP:= TK+2;
               FFD:= FFI[TI+1,TK  ];
               FFB:= FFI[TI  ,TK+1];
               FFE:= FFI[TI+1,TK+1];
             ((FCO[I  ,K  ]+:= FFD+FFB)*:= 0.5)+:= FFI[TI,TK];
               FCO[I+1,K  ] := FFD+FFE;
               FCO[I  ,K+1]+:= FFB+FFE;
             FINE[1:3,1:3,]:= AFI[TI:TIP,TK:TKP,];
             'REF'[]'REAL' A = ACO[I  ,K  ,@-3],
                           C = ACO[I  ,K+1,@-3],
                           G = ACO[I+1,K  ,@-3],
                           J = ACO[I+1,K+1,@-3];
            # ##AA# ##((A[ 0]+:=
                           (AB+BA+AD+DA)*2+ BB+DD+BD+DB )*:=Q)+:=AA;
            # ##CC# ##  C[ 0]+:= (CE+EC+CB+BC)*2+ EE+BB+BE+EB+EF+FE;
            # ##GG# ##  G[ 0]+:= (GE+EG+GD+DG)*2+ EE+DD+DE+ED+EH+HE;
            # ##JJ# ##  J[ 0] := FH+HF;
            # ##AC# ##( A[ 1]+:= (AB+BC)*2+ BB+BE+DB+DE)*:=Q;
            # ##CA# ##( C[-1]+:= (BA+CB)*2+ BB+EB+BD+ED)*:=Q;
            # ##AG# ##( A[ 3]+:= (AD+DG)*2 +DD+BD+DE+BE)*:=Q;
            # ##GA# ##( G[-3]+:= (DA+GD)*2 +DD+DB+ED+EB)*:=Q;
            # ##GC# ##( G[-2] := (GE+EC)*2 + EE+HE+DE+HF+DB+EF+EB)*:=Q;
            # ##CG# ##( C[ 2] := (EG+CE)*2 + EE+EH+ED+FH+BD+FE+BE)*:=Q;
            # ##GJ# ##  G[ 1] := EH+HF+EF;
            # ##JG# ##  J[-1] := HE+FH+FE;
            # ##CJ# ##  C[ 3] := EH+EF+FH;
            # ##JC# ##  J[-3] := HE+FE+HF
        'OD';
               FFD:= FFI[TI+1,TKP ];
             ((FCO[I  ,U2]+:= FFD)*:=0.5)+:= FFI[TI,2*U2];
               FCO[I+1,U2] := FFD;
            FINE[1:3,1,]:= AFI[TI:TIP,TKP,];
            'REF'[]'REAL' A = ACO[I  ,U2,@-3],
                          G = ACO[I+1,U2,@-3];
            # ##AA# ##((A[ 0]+:= (AD+DA)*2 + DD)*:= Q)+:=AA;
            # ##GG# ##  G[ 0]+:= (GD+DG)*2 + DD;
            # ##GA# ##( G[-3]+:= (GD+DA)*2 + DD)*:=Q;
            # ##AG# ##( A[ 3]+:= (AD+DG)*2 + DD)*:=Q;
                  G[-2] := G[ 1]:= 0.0
        'OD';
 
        'FOR' K 'FROM' L2 'TO' U2-1
        'DO' TK:= K+K; TKP:= TK+2;
               FFB:= FFI[2*U1,TK+1];
             ((FCO[U1,K  ]+:= FFB)*:=0.5)+:= FFI[2*U1,TK];
               FCO[U1,K+1]+:= FFB;
             FINE[1,1:3,]:= AFI[TIP,TK:TKP,];
            'REF'[]'REAL' A = ACO[U1,K  ,@-3],
                          C = ACO[U1,K+1,@-3];
            # ##AA# ##((A[ 0]+:= (AB+BA)*2 + BB)*:= Q)+:=AA;
            # ##CC# ##  C[ 0]+:= (CB+BC)*2 + BB;
            # ##CA# ##( C[-1]+:= (CB+BA)*2 + BB)*:=Q;
            # ##AC# ##( A[ 1]+:= (AB+BC)*2 + BB)*:=Q;
                  C[ 2] := C[ 3]:= 0.0
        'OD';
                (FCO[U1,U2]  *:=0.5)+:=FFI[2*U1,2*U2];
            # ##AA# ##(ACO[U1,U2,0]*:=Q)+:=AFI[2*U1,2*U2,0]
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # PRELIMINARY NAG MGM ROUTINE   #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
            # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! #
            # EVERYWHERE THE MATRIX DOES NOT DEFINE THE NETMAT M, #
            # !!!!!!!!!!! M SHOULD CONTAIN ZEROES !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! #
            # !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! #
 
   'PROC' MGM = ('REF'[]'NETMAT' LH, 'REF'[]'NET' UH,FH,
                 'INT' ITMAX,P,Q,S,T, 'REF'[]'NETMAT' ILLU,
                 'REF''INT' ITUSED,
                 'PROC'('INT','NETMAT','NET','NET')'BOOL' GO ON MGM,
                 'PROC'('INT','STRING')'VOID' FAIL)'VOID':
    #$B MGM     B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L='UPB'UH, R = S;
            'REF'[]'NETMAT' ILLUD =
               ( ILLU :=: 'REF'[]'NETMAT'('NIL')
               ! 'LOC'[0:L]'NETMAT' ! ILLU );
 
      'PROC' MG = ('INT'L)'VOID':
      'IF'   L = 0
      'THEN' ILLU RELAX(ILLUD[0],LH[0],UH[0],FH[0])
      'ELSE' 'TO' P 'DO' ILLU RELAX(ILLUD[L],LH[L],UH[L],FH[L])'OD';
             FH[L-1]:= LIN WEIGHT( RESIDUAL (LH[L],UH[L],FH[L]) );
             # ## WEIGHT  RES (LH[L],UH[L],FH[L],FH[L-1]);   # ##
             'ZERO' UH[L-1];
             'TO' (L=1!T!S) 'DO' MG (L-1) 'OD';
 
             UH[L] +:= LIN INT POL ( UH[L-1]);
             # ## ADD INT POL (UH[L],UH[L-1]);               # ##
             'TO' Q 'DO' ILLU RELAX(ILLUD[L],LH[L],UH[L],FH[L])'OD'
      'FI';
 
            'INT' ERR =
            (  'LWB' UH /= 0 'OR' 'LWB'FH /= 0 'OR' 'LWB'LH /= 0
                             'OR' 'UPB'FH /= L 'OR' 'UPB'LH /= L ! 1
            !: 'NETMAT' LL = LH[L];
                3'LWB'LL /=-3 'OR' 3'UPB'LL /= 3                 ! 2
            !: S <= 0 'OR' S > 3  'OR' T <= 0                    ! 3
            !: ITMAX<0 'OR' P<0 'OR' Q<0                         ! 4
            !: 'LWB'ILLUD /= 0 'OR' 'UPB'ILLUD /=L               ! 5
            !  0  );
            ( ERR>0 ! FAIL ( ERR," MGM "));
 
            'IF' ITUSED < 0
            'THEN' # ## CREATE GALERKIN APPROXIMATIONS # ##
                   'FOR' I 'FROM' L 'BY' -1 'TO' 1
                   'DO' REDUCE(LH[I],LH[I-1],FH[I],FH[I-1],UH[I-1])
                   'OD';
                   ITUSED:= 0
            'FI';
 
 
            'IF' ITUSED = 0
            'THEN' 'FOR'K 'FROM' 0 'TO' L
                   'DO' ILLUDEC (LH[K],ILLUD[K]) 'OD';
 
                   # ## APPLY FULL MULTIGRID # ##
                   'TO' T 'DO' MG(0) 'OD';
                   'FOR' K 'TO' L-1
                   'DO'  UH[K]:= SQR INT POL (UH[K-1]);
                        'TO' R  'DO'  MG (K) 'OD'
                   'OD'; UH[L]:= SQR INT POL (UH[L-1]);
                   GOON MGM (ITUSED,LH[L],UH[L],FH[L])
            'FI';
 
            'TO' ITMAX
            'WHILE'  MG (L); ITUSED +:= 1;
                     GOON MGM (ITUSED, LH[L], UH[L], FH[L])
            'DO' 'SKIP' 'OD'
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 

 # BLACK-BOX SOLUTION PROCEDURE  #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'PROC' RAP FMGG =('PROBLEM' PROBLEM, 'REF'[]'GRID' U,F)'VOID':
    #$B RAPFMGG B$#
    'BEGIN'# ## EXPECTS [0:M]'GRID' U,F;                         # ##
           # ## AND     U[0]='GRID'( 0,'REF'[L1:U1,L2:U2]'REAL') # ##
            'INT' L = 'UPB'U;
            ( 'NOT' LINEAR'OF'PROBLEM ! FAIL ( 1, "RAP FMGG") );
            ( 'LWB'U  /= 0 'OR' 'LWB'F  /= 0 'OR' 'UPB'F  /= L
                                      ! FAIL ( 2, "RAP FMGG") );
 
            [0:L]'NETMAT' JAC;
 
            'NETMAT' N0 = NET'OF'(U[0]); 'INT' TTL = 2**L;
            DISCRETIZATION (PROBLEM,
                 'GRID'( L,'LOC'[(1'LWB'N0)*TTL:(1'UPB'N0)*TTL,
                                 (2'LWB'N0)*TTL:(2'UPB'N0)*TTL]'REAL'),
                  NET'OF'F[L], JACOBIAN[L]);
            MGM(JAC,NET'OF'U,NET'OF'F,
                100,1,0,1,1,'NIL','LOC''INT',MGM GOON,FAIL)
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 

 # OPERATORS WITH ASYMMETRIC WEIGHTS              #     'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 # FOR EXPERIMENTAL PURPOSES.        PWH/830314   #
 
 #  [-3:3]'REAL' WASYM,PASYM,RASYM;
                 PASYM[@1]:= (0.5,0.5,0.5,1.0,0.5,0.5,0.5);
                 RASYM    := WASYM    := PASYM;
 #
    'PROC' WEIGHT = ('NET' NET)'NET':
    #$B RESTRW  B$#
    'BEGIN' 'INT' L1 = (1'LWB'NET), L2 = (2'LWB'NET),
                  U1 = (1'UPB'NET), U2 = (2'UPB'NET);
            'INT' NL1 = L1'OVER'2,  NL2 = L2'OVER'2,
                  NU1 = U1'OVER'2,  NU2 = U2'OVER'2;
            'REAL'M3=WASYM[ 3],M2=WASYM[ 2],M1=WASYM[ 1],
                  W3=WASYM[-3],W2=WASYM[-2],W1=WASYM[-1],W0=WASYM[ 0];
            'HEAP'[NL1:NU1,NL2:NU2]'REAL' COARSE;
            'INT' II,IM,IP, JJ,JM,JP;
            [L2:U2]'REAL' ZERO; 'ZERO' ZERO;
            'FOR' I 'FROM' NL1 'TO' NU1
            'DO'   II:=  2*I; IP:= II+1; IM:= II-1;
                  'REF'[]'REAL' CI = COARSE[I,@NL2],
                                UIM= ( IM<L1 ! ZERO ! NET[IM,@L2]),
                                UII=                  NET[II,@L2] ,
                                UIP= ( IP>U1 ! ZERO ! NET[IP,@L2]);
                  JP:= L2+1;
                  CI[NL2]:=                    W3*UIM[L2]+W2*UIM[JP]
                                              +W0*UII[L2]+M1*UII[JP]
                                              +M3*UIP[L2] ;
                  'FOR' J 'FROM' NL2+1 'TO' NU2-1
                  'DO'  JJ:= 2*J; JP:= JJ+1; JM:= JJ-1;
                        CI[J]:=                W3*UIM[JJ]+W2*UIM[JP]
                                   +W1*UII[JM]+W0*UII[JJ]+M1*UII[JP]
                                   +M2*UIP[JM]+M3*UIP[JJ]
                  'OD';
                  JM:=U2-1;
                  CI[NU2]:=                    W3*UIM[U2]
                                   +W1*UII[JM]+W0*UII[U2]
                                   +M2*UIP[JM]+M3*UIP[U2]
            'OD'; COARSE
    'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 

 # GALERKIN OPERATOR CONSTRUCTION                 #     'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
 'OP' 'RASP' = ('NETMAT' AFI )'NETMAT':
    #$B RAPW    B$#
 'BEGIN' 'INT' L1 = (1'LWB'AFI)'OVER'2, U1 = (1'UPB'AFI)'OVER'2,
               L2 = (2'LWB'AFI)'OVER'2, U2 = (2'UPB'AFI)'OVER'2;
         'HEAP' [L1:U1,L2:U2,-3:3]'REAL' ACO; 'ZERO' ACO;
         'INT' TI,TK,TIM,TKM;
         'REAL'M3=PASYM[-3],M2=PASYM[-2],M1=PASYM[-1],
               W3=PASYM[ 3],W2=PASYM[ 2],W1=PASYM[ 1],W0=PASYM[ 0],
               Q3=RASYM[-3],Q2=RASYM[-2],Q1=RASYM[-1],
               P3=RASYM[ 3],P2=RASYM[ 2],P1=RASYM[ 1],P0=RASYM[ 0];
 
        [1:3,1:3,-3:3]'REAL' FINE;
        'REF'[]'REAL'
               A = FINE[1,1,@-3], B = FINE[1,2,@-3], C = FINE[1,3,@-3],
               D = FINE[2,1,@-3], E = FINE[2,2,@-3], F = FINE[2,3,@-3],
               G = FINE[3,1,@-3], H = FINE[3,2,@-3], J = FINE[3,3,@-3];
        'REF''REAL'
               AA =A[ 0], AB =A[ 1], AD =A[ 3],
               BA =B[-1], BB =B[ 0], BC =B[ 1], BD =B[ 2], BE =B[ 3],
               CB =C[-1], CC =C[ 0], CE =C[ 2], CF =C[ 3],
               DA =D[-3], DB =D[-2], DD =D[ 0], DE =D[ 1], DG =D[ 3],
               EB =E[-3], EC =E[-2], ED =E[-1], EE =E[ 0],
                                     EF =E[ 1], EG =E[ 2], EH =E[ 3],
               FC =F[-3], FE =F[-1], FF =F[ 0], FH =F[ 2], FJ =F[ 3],
               GD =G[-3], GE =G[-2], GG =G[ 0], GH =G[ 1],
               HE =H[-3], HF =H[-2], HG =H[-1], HH =H[ 0], HJ =H[ 1],
               JF =J[-3], JH =J[-1], JJ =J[ 0];
 
             TI:= 2*L1; TK:= 2*L2;
             FINE[3,3,]:= AFI[TI,TK,];
            # ##JJ# ##ACO[L1,L2,0]:= P0*JJ*W0;
        'FOR' K 'FROM' L2+1 'TO' U2
        'DO' TKM:= TK; TK:= 2*K;
             FINE[3,1:3,]:= AFI[TI,TKM:TK,];
            # ##GG# ##ACO[L1,K-1,0] +:= P0*GH*M1+P1*HG*W0+P1*HH*M1;
            # ##JJ# ##ACO[L1,K  ,0] +:= P0*JH*W1+Q1*HJ*W0+Q1*HH*W1
                                       +P0*JJ*W0;
            # ##GJ# ##ACO[L1,K-1,1] +:= P0*GH*W1+P1*HJ*W0+P1*HH*W1;
            # ##JG# ##ACO[L1,K ,-1] +:= Q1*HG*W0+P0*JH*M1+Q1*HH*M1
        'OD';
 
        'FOR' I 'FROM' L1+1 'TO' U1
        'DO' TIM:= TI; TI:= 2*I; TK:= 2*L2;
             FINE[1:3,3,]:= AFI[TIM:TI,TK,];
            # ##CC# ##ACO[I-1,L2,0] +:= P0*CF*M3+P3*FC*W0+P3*FF*M3;
            # ##JJ# ##ACO[I  ,L2,0] +:= P0*JF*W3+Q3*FJ*W0
                                       +Q3*FF*W3+P0*JJ*W0;
            # ##CJ# ##ACO[I-1,L2,3] +:= P0*CF*W3+P3*FJ*W0+P3*FF*W3;
            # ##JC# ##ACO[I ,L2,-3] +:= Q3*FC*W0+P0*JF*M3+Q3*FF*M3;
        'FOR' K 'FROM' L2+1 'TO' U2
        'DO' TKM:= TK; TK:= 2*K;
             FINE[1:3,1:3,]:= AFI[TIM:TI,TKM:TK,];
             'REF'[]'REAL' A = ACO[I-1,K-1,@-3],
                           C = ACO[I-1,K  ,@-3],
                           G = ACO[I  ,K-1,@-3],
                           J = ACO[I  ,K  ,@-3];
            # ##AA# ## A[ 0]+:= P1*BD*M3+P3*DB*M1;
            # ##CC# ## C[ 0]+:= P0*CE*M2+P2*EC*W0+P0*CF*M3
                               +P3*FC*W0+P2*EE*M2+P3*FF*M3
                               +Q1*BE*M2+P2*EB*W1+P2*EF*M3+P3*FE*M2;
            # ##GG# ## G[ 0]+:= P0*GE*W2+Q2*EG*W0+P0*GH*M1
                               +P1*HG*W0+Q2*EE*W2+P1*HH*M1
                               +Q3*DE*W2+Q2*ED*W3+Q2*EH*M1+P1*HE*W2;
            # ##JJ# ## J[ 0]+:= P0*JJ*W0+P0*JF*W3+Q3*FJ*W0
                               +P0*JH*W1+Q1*HJ*W0+Q3*FF*W3
                               +Q1*HH*W1+Q3*FH*W1+Q1*HF*W3;
            # ##AC# ## A[ 1]+:= P1*BE*M2+P3*DB*W1+P3*DE*M2;
            # ##CA# ## C[-1]+:= P2*EB*M1+Q1*BD*M3+P2*ED*M3;
            # ##AG# ## A[ 3]+:= P1*BD*W3+P3*DE*W2+P1*BE*W2;
            # ##GA# ## G[-3]+:= Q3*DB*M1+Q2*ED*M3+Q2*EB*M1;
            # ##GC# ## G[-2]+:= P0*GE*M2+Q2*EC*W0+Q2*EE*M2
                               +P1*HE*M2+Q3*DE*M2+P1*HF*M3
                               +Q3*DB*W1+Q2*EF*M3+Q2*EB*W1;
            # ##CG# ## C[ 2]+:= P2*EG*W0+P0*CE*W2+P2*EE*W2
                               +P2*EH*M1+P2*ED*W3+P3*FH*M1
                               +Q1*BD*W3+P3*FE*W2+Q1*BE*W2;
            # ##GJ# ## G[ 1]+:= P0*GH*W1+P1*HJ*W0+P1*HH*W1
                               +Q2*EH*W1+P1*HF*W3+Q2*EF*W3;
            # ##JG# ## J[-1]+:= Q1*HG*W0+P0*JH*M1+Q1*HH*M1
                               +Q1*HE*W2+Q3*FH*M1+Q3*FE*W2;
            # ##CJ# ## C[ 3]+:= P0*CF*W3+P3*FJ*W0+P3*FF*W3
                               +P2*EH*W1+P2*EF*W3+P3*FH*W1;
            # ##JC# ## J[-3]+:= Q3*FC*W0+P0*JF*M3+Q3*FF*M3
                               +Q1*HE*M2+Q3*FE*M2+Q1*HF*M3
        'OD' 'OD';  ACO
 'END'
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 
 
 #  ORIENTATION:
 
 
       ACO = COARSE         K-1          K
                 -------------------------->  Y
         !
         !          FINE     1     2     3
         !                                                  -3    -2
         ! I-1        1      A --  B --  C                   !  /
         !                   !  /  !  /  !            -1  -  0  -  1
         !            2      D --  E --  F                /  !
         !                   !  /  !  /  !             2     3
         !  I         3      G --  H --  J
    X    V
 #
 

 # COLLECTION OF PRIMARY TESTPROBLEMS             #     'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
 #  'PROBLEM' STANDARD = 'PROBLEM' ('TRUE','NIL',
              ('REF''REAL' AXX,AXY,AYX,AYY, 'REAL' X,Y)'VOID':
                          (AXX:=A11; AXY:=A12; AYX:=A21; AYY:=A22 ),
              ('REF''REAL' A,B,C,F, 'REAL' X,Y,U)'VOID':
                          (A  := B1; B  := B2; C  := C0;
                                            F:= STANDARD RHS(X,Y) ),
              ('REF''REAL' A, 'REAL' X,Y)'VOID':         (A:= 0.0 ),
              ('REF''REAL' B,C, 'REAL' X,Y,U)'VOID':
                          (B:= 1.0E+40;  C:= B * DIRICHLET(X,Y) ) );
    'PROC' STANDARD RHS := ('REAL' X,Y)'REAL': S0 + X*S1 + Y*S2;
    'PROC' DIRICHLET    := ('REAL' X,Y)'REAL': X*X + Y*Y;
    'PROC' SOLUTION     := ('REAL' X,Y)'REAL': X*X + Y*Y;
 
    'REAL' A11:=1,A12:=0,A21:=0,A22:=1,B1:= 0,B2:=0,C0:=0,
                                       S0:=-4,S1:=0,S2:=0;
 #
 
    'PROC' ANISOTROPIC  = ('REAL' EPSILON,ALFA)'VOID':
    #$B ANISOP  B$#
           ('REAL' C = COS(ALFA), S = SIN(ALFA);
            A11:= EPSILON*C*C + S*S; A12:= A21:= (EPSILON-1)*C*S;
            A22:= EPSILON*S*S + C*C;
            B1:= B2:= C0:= S1:= S2:= 0;     S0:= -2*(EPSILON+1) )
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'PROC' CONVECTION   = ('REAL' EPSILON,ALFA)'VOID':
    #$B CONVEC  B$#
           (A11:= A22:= EPSILON; A12:= A21:= 0;
            B1 := COS(ALFA); B2 := SIN(ALFA); C0:= 0;
            S0:= -4*EPSILON; S1:= 2*B1; S2:= 2*B2 )
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'PROC' POISSON  = 'VOID':
    #$B POISON  B$#
    ANISOTROPIC(1,0)
    #$E#;
    #E$#

 # OUTPUT PROCEDURES             #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    'OP' 'PRINT' = ('NET' NET)'VOID':
    #$B PRNET   B$#
                   ('INT' L1 = 1'LWB'NET,  L2 = 2'LWB'NET,
                          B1 = 1'UPB'NET,  B2 = 2'UPB'NET;
                    PRINT((NEWLINE,NEWLINE,L1,B1,L2,B2));
                    'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' B1
                    'DO' PRINT(NEWLINE);
                         'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' B2
                         'DO'  PRINT((FLOAT(NET[I,J],11,4,3),"  "))
                    'OD' 'OD'; PRINT(NEWLINE))
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP' 'PRINT' = ('NETMAT' NET)'VOID':
    #$B PRNETM  B$#
                   ('INT' L1 = 1'LWB'NET,  L2 = 2'LWB'NET,
                          B1 = 1'UPB'NET,  B2 = 2'UPB'NET;
                    PRINT((NEWLINE,NEWLINE,  L1,B1,L2,B2));
                    'FOR' I 'FROM' L1 'TO' B1
                    'DO' PRINT(NEWLINE);
                        'FOR' J 'FROM' L2 'TO' B2
                        'DO' PRINT(NEWLINE);
                            'FOR' K 'FROM' -3 'TO' +3
                            'DO' PRINT((FLOAT(NET[I,J,K],12,6,2),"  "))
                    'OD''OD''OD';PRINT(NEWLINE))
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP' 'PRINT' = ('GRID' A)'VOID':
    #$B PRGRID  B$#
                   ( PRINT((NEWLINE,NEWLINE," LEVEL = ",LEVEL'OF'A));
                    'PRINT' NET'OF'A )
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'PROC' FL    = ([]'REAL' R)'VOID':
    #$B FL      B$#
                   ('FOR' I 'TO' 'UPB' R
                    'DO' PRINT(("  ",FLOAT(R[I],12,6,2))) 'OD')
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'PROC' FX    = ([]'REAL' R,S)'VOID':
    #$B FX      B$#
                   ('FOR' I 'TO' 'UPB' R
                    'DO' PRINT(("  ",FIXED(R[I]/S[I],6,2))) 'OD')
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'PROC' SPC   = 'VOID':
    #$B SPC     B$#
                   (COLLECT GARBAGE; PRINT((
           NEWLINE,"GARBAGE:",COLLECTIONS,GARBAGE,COLLECT SECONDS,
           NEWLINE,"SPACE  :",PROGSIZE,STACKSIZE,HEAPSIZE,AVAILABLE,
                              PROGSIZE+STACKSIZE+HEAPSIZE+AVAILABLE,
           NEWLINE,"TIME   :",CLOCK )))
    #$E#;
    #E$#
    'OP''ERRORPRINT' = ('GRID' U ) 'VOID':
    #$B PRERR   B$#
    'PRINT'(U-SOLUTION)
    #$E#;
    #E$#
 

 # GLOBAL PARAMETERS             #                      'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    # ************************************************************** #
    # *********    GLOBAL PARAMETERS FOR THE MG-ALGORITHM   ******** #
    # ************************************************************** #
 
    'PROC' PROLONGATE := ('GRID' A)'GRID': (ERROR; A);
    'PROC' INTERPOLATE:= ('GRID' A)'GRID': (ERROR; A);
    'PROC' RESTRICTBAR:= ('GRID' A)'GRID': (ERROR; A);
    'PROC' RESTRICT   := ('GRID' A)'GRID': (ERROR; A);
    'PROC' RELAX      := ('REF''GRID' U, 'GRID' F)'VOID': (ERROR);
 
    # ************************************************************** #
 
    'BOOL' ILU:= 'FALSE';
    'INT' P:= 1, S:= 2, Q:= 1, R, PR:= 0; R:= S; 'REAL'MU:= 1.0;
 
    'OP'  'I'   = ('NET' N)'NET': SQR INT POL(N);
    'OP'  'P'   = ('NET' N)'NET': LIN INT POL(N);
    'OP'  'R'   = ('NET' N)'NET': INJECTION  (N);
    'OP'  'RBAR'= ('NET' N)'NET': LIN WEIGHT (N);
 
    'PROC' RELAX NET :=
                ('REF''NETMAT' D,'NETMAT' M, 'NET'U,F )'VOID': 'SKIP';
 
    # ************************************************************** #
    # *********    GLOBAL PARAMETERS FOR THE RELAXATION     ******** #
    # ************************************************************** #
 
    'BOOL' SYMMETRIC:= 'FALSE', BACKWARD:= 'FALSE',
           REVERSE  := 'FALSE', ZEBRA   := 'FALSE';
 
    'INT' TH RELAX STRATEGY := 1;
 
    [,]'INT' FOUR COLOR RELAX = ((0,1),(1,0),(1,1),(0,0));
    'FLEX'[1:1,1:2]'INT' CH RELAX STRATEGY:= FOUR COLOR RELAX;
 
    # ************************************************************** #
    # *********    GLOBAL PARAMETERS FOR ASYMM.RESTRICTONS   ******* #
    # ************************************************************** #
 
    [-3:3]'REAL' WASYM,PASYM,RASYM;
                 PASYM[@1]:= (0.5,0.5,0.5,1.0,0.5,0.5,0.5);
                 RASYM    := WASYM    := PASYM;
 
    # ************************************************************** #
    # *********    COMMON GLOBAL PARAMETERS     ******************** #
    # ************************************************************** #
 
    'REF'[]'NETMAT' JACOBIAN,DECOMP;
 
    'PROC' DISCRETIZATION      := ('PROBLEM' PROBLEM, 'GRID' U,
           'REF''NET' RHS, 'REF''NETMAT' JAC )'VOID':
           'SKIP';
    'PROC' BOUNDARY CONDITIONS := ('PROBLEM' PROBLEM, 'GRID' U,
           'NET' RHS, 'NETMAT' JAC )'VOID':
           'SKIP';
 
    'REAL' Q0:= 0, Q1:= 1, Q2:= 1;
    'PROC' LUMP = ('BOOL' B)'VOID':
        ( B ! Q0:=0; Q1:=1; Q2:=1 ! Q0:=0.25; Q1:=0.50; Q2:=0.25 );
 
 'REAL' HB FACTOR:= 1/3;
 'PROC' HB:= ('REF''REAL' AXX,AXY,AYX,AYY,'REAL' BX,BY,H,K)'REAL':0.0;
 
    'PROC' GOON FMGG   := ('GRID' U,F, 'REF'[]'REAL' RES)'BOOL': 'TRUE';
    'PROC' GOON FMG   := ('NETMAT' JAC, 'NET' U,F, 'REF'[]'REAL' RES)
                         'BOOL': 'TRUE';
    'PROC' MGM GOON:=('INT' ITNUM,'NETMAT'LH,'NET'UH,FH)'BOOL':'TRUE';
    'PROC' REP := ('INT' NUMBER, LEVEL)'VOID': 'SKIP';
 
    'PROC' FAIL= ('INT' N,'STRING' TEXT)'VOID':
    ( PRINT((NEWLINE,TEXT,N,NEWLINE)); ERROR);
 
    'BOOL' MONIT:= 'FALSE';
 

                                                        'PR' EJECT 'PR'
 
    # ************************************************************** #
    # **************** GLOBAL PARAMETERS   ************************* #
    # *********** FOR PRIMARY TESTPROBLEMS     ********************* #
    # ************************************************************** #
 
    'PROBLEM' STANDARD = 'PROBLEM' ('TRUE','NIL',
              ('REF''REAL' AXX,AXY,AYX,AYY, 'REAL' X,Y)'VOID':
                          (AXX:=A11; AXY:=A12; AYX:=A21; AYY:=A22 ),
              ('REF''REAL' A,B,C,F, 'REAL' X,Y,U)'VOID':
                          (A  := B1; B  := B2; C  := C0;
                                            F:= STANDARD RHS(X,Y) ),
              ('REF''REAL' A, 'REAL' X,Y)'VOID':         (A:= 0.0 ),
              ('REF''REAL' B,C, 'REAL' X,Y,U)'VOID':
                          (B:= 1.0E+40;  C:= B * DIRICHLET(X,Y) ) );
    'PROC' STANDARD RHS := ('REAL' X,Y)'REAL': S0 + X*S1 + Y*S2;
    'PROC' DIRICHLET    := ('REAL' X,Y)'REAL': X*X + Y*Y;
    'PROC' SOLUTION     := ('REAL' X,Y)'REAL': X*X + Y*Y;
 
    'REAL' A11:=1,A12:=0,A21:=0,A22:=1,B1:= 0,B2:=0,C0:=0,
                                       S0:=-4,S1:=0,S2:=0;
 
 
 'PR' PROG 'PR' 'SKIP'
 'END'

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